铝合金焊丝送丝稳定性测试分析  

Test and analysis on wire feed stability of aluminum alloy welding wire

作　　者：李波 马鑫 张军 武鹏博 刘铁君 刘阳 Li Bo;Ma Xin;Zhang Jun;Wu Pengbo;Liu Tiejun;Liu Yang(PingDu Technician Institute,Qingdao 266700,Shandong,China;Qingdao Wanhui Sunshade Products Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266700,Shandong,China;Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]平度市技师学院,山东青岛266700 [2]青岛万汇遮阳用品有限公司,山东青岛266700 [3]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《焊接》2024年第7期74-80,共7页Welding & Joining

摘　　要：【目的】旨在深入分析影响4043铝合金焊丝送丝稳定性的因素,为铝合金焊丝产品质量检测提供指导依据。【方法】选取市面上国内外常用的5种4043铝合金焊丝,提取焊接过程中的送丝阻力、送丝速度,以及焊丝表面质量和焊丝拉伸性能等关键参数,综合分析评价送丝性能。【结果】通过测试送丝阻力和焊接时送丝速度的波动情况,得出不同厂家的铝合金焊丝在焊接过程中送丝阻力值、送丝速度的波动幅度区别较大;通过对铝合金焊丝表面质量观察分析,可以发现焊丝表面的微观形貌状态是影响送丝稳定的主要因素,焊丝表面平整度高、表面划痕少可以有效保证送丝稳定性;通过对铝合金焊丝拉伸性能测试和微观拉伸断口扫描分析可知,焊丝内部气孔少且小可以保证焊丝的拉伸性能,同时提高铝合金焊丝送丝稳定性。【结论】通过提取焊接过程送丝阻力和焊接时送丝速度的标准方差,可以客观评价4043铝合金焊丝的送丝性能,并与实际情况相符合;焊丝表面平整度高、微观划痕少的焊丝送丝性能良好,因此,为提高4043铝合金焊丝送丝稳定性,必须严格控制焊丝拉拔或刮削工艺;焊丝内部缺陷少的焊丝送丝性能良好,因此,为提高4043铝合金焊丝送丝稳定性,必须严格控制焊丝冶炼工艺。[Objective]The purpose was to analyze factors affecting wire feed stability of 4043 aluminum alloy welding wire and provide guidance for quality inspection of aluminum alloy welding wire.[Methods]Five kinds of 4043 aluminum alloy welding wires commonly used at home and abroad were selected to extract key parameters of wire feed resistance,wire feed speed,wire surface quality and wire tensile properties during welding process,and comprehensive analysis and evaluation was carried out on wire feeding performance.[Results]Through testing fluctuation of wire feed resistance and wire feed speed during welding process,it was found that fluctuation range of wire feed resistance and wire feed speed of aluminum alloy welding wire from different manufacturers was different.Through observation and analysis of surface quality of aluminum alloy welding wire,it was found that surface microtopography of welding wire was main factor affecting wire feed stability.High surface flatness and less surface scratches could effectively ensure wire feed stability.Tensile properties of aluminum alloy welding wire and microscopic tensile fracture scanning analysis showed that welding wire with few and small pores could ensure tensile properties and improve wire feed stability of aluminum alloy welding wire.[Conclusion]By extracting standard variance of wire feed resistance and wire feed speed in welding process,wire feed performance of 4043 aluminum alloy welding wire could be evaluated objectively,and it accorded with actual situation.Welding wire with high surface flatness and less microscopic scratches had good wire feeding performance,therefore,in order to improve wire feed stability of 4043 aluminum alloy welding wire,it was necessary to control drawing or scraping process of welding wire strictly.Welding wire with less internal defects had good wire feed performance,therefore,in order to improve wire feed stability of 4043 aluminum alloy welding wire,it was necessary to control smelting process of welding wire strictly.

关 键 词：铝合金焊丝 送丝稳定性 焊丝表面状态 拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TG442.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]