山药多糖药理作用及提取技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Pharmacological Action and Extraction Techniques of Polysaccharides in Yam

作　　者：马传贵 张志秀 沈亮 贺宗毅[3] MA Chuangui;ZHANG Zhixiu;SHEN Liang;HE Zongyi(Beijing Jingcheng Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102600,China;National Natural History Museum of China,Beijing 100050,China;Chongqing Academy of Chinese Meteria Medica,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]北京京诚生物科技有限公司,北京102600 [2]国家自然博物馆,北京100050 [3]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第7期22-27,共6页Vegetables

基　　金：重庆市卫生健康委员会青年人才基金项目(2021ZY3709);重庆市基本科研业务费项目(jbky20210015)。

摘　　要：山药是传统的药食两用物质,在我国具有悠久的食用历史,被广泛应用于食品、医药、畜牧等行业。山药多糖作为山药的主要化学成分,因具有多种生物活性,如免疫调节、抗肿瘤、降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化、抗炎等而受到广泛关注。基于此,总结了山药多糖的结构及其种类,从免疫调节活性、抗肿瘤活性、降血糖和降血脂活性、抗氧化活性、抗炎和抗菌活性等方面对近些年关于山药多糖药理活性的研究进行综述,并对山药多糖的提取技术进行汇总,最后从提取纯化技术、结构表征技术、临床应用试验等方面进行了展望,为山药多糖组分的未来研究与应用提供参考。Yam is a traditional medicinal and edible substance with a long edible history in China,which is widely used in industries such as food,medicine,animal husbandry and so on.As the main chemical components of yam,yam polysaccharides have attracted widespread attentions due to their various biological activities,such as immune regulation,antitumor,hypoglycemic effect,hypolipidemic effect,antioxidation,anti-inflammatory and so on.Based on this,the structure and types of yam polysaccharides were summarized,and the pharmacological activities of yam polysaccharides in recent years were reviewed from the aspects of immunomodulatory activity,antitumor activity,hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities,antioxidant activity,anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities,and the extraction techniques of yam polysaccharides were summarized.Finally,the extraction and purification techniques,structure characterization techniques,clinical application tests and other aspects were prospected,which provided a reference for the future research and application of polysaccharide components of yam.

关 键 词：山药 多糖 提取 药理活性 种类 分子链 巨噬细胞 深共晶溶剂 

分 类 号：S285[农业科学—农业水土工程] S632.1[农业科学—农业工程]