“国家利益”与“盟国友情”的选择困境——战后国民党集团重划领海界线案考察  

Selection Dilemma between National Interest and Allies Friendship——The Redrawing of Territorial Sea Boundary by Kuomintang Group after the War

作　　者：刘利民[1] Liu Limin(College of History and Culture,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《晋阳学刊》2024年第4期118-125,共8页Academic Journal of Jinyang

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“民国时期条约理论研究之研究”(项目编号:21BZS012)。

摘　　要：1931年,南京国民政府正式颁布了三海里令。此次领海法令的颁布在中国领海制度发展史上虽然有里程碑的意义,但这一规则的采用具有局限性,无法充分保障中国领海主权和利益。随着战后国际海洋法的新发展,越来越多的国家抛弃了三海里规则,纷纷扩充领海范围。国民政府当局亦注意到了这一新趋势,内部开展了重新划定领海范围的讨论。军事、经济等部门均提出扩大中国领海范围的要求,但国民政府最终屈从于“国际公法”或顾及“盟国友情”而不得不追随海洋强国的主张。这种状况一直影响1949年以后据守台湾地区的国民党集团,直至1979年,台湾地区当局宣布放弃“三海里令”。战后国民党集团重划领海界线案表明其对外具有较大的妥协性,在追随“盟友”的过程中忽视了对自身海洋权益的追求。In 1931,the National Government of Nanjing officially promulgated the three-mile Order.Although the promulgation of the territorial sea law is a milestone in the history of China's territorial sea system,the adoption of this rule has limitations and cannot fully protect China's territorial sea sovereignty and interests.With the new development of the international law of the sea after the war,more and more countries abandoned the three-mile rule and expanded the territorial sea.The national authorities have also taken note of this new trend,and internal discussions have begun on the redelineation of territorial waters.Military and economic ministries demanded the expansion of China's territorial waters,but the nationalist government bowed to public international law or followed the claim of a maritime power for the sake of friendship among Allies.This situation has affected the Kuomintang clique in Taiwan region since 1949,until 1979,when the Kuomintang in Taiwan renounced the"threemile Decree."After the war,the Kuomintang group's case of redrawing the territorial sea line shows that it has a great compromise with the outside world,and ignores its own pursuit of maritime rights and interests in the process of following"Allies".

关 键 词：国民党 领海界线 三海里规则 扩充 

分 类 号：K266.3[历史地理—历史学]