基于家庭因素探讨儿童误服药物急性中毒的诱因及其护理对策  

Based on family factors to explore the causes of accidental drug poisoning in children attending emergency department and its nursing countermeasures

作　　者：吴春花[1] 林丹[1] WU Chunhua;LIN Dan(Emergency Department,Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,Putian City,Fujian Province,351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田学院附属医院急诊科,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《蛇志》2024年第2期154-157,共4页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：目的基于家庭因素探讨急诊就诊儿童误服药物中毒的诱因及其护理对策,以减少儿童误服药物中毒的发生。方法选取2020年1月至2023年12月在我院急诊科就诊的203例误服药物中毒的患儿为中毒组,另选取同期就诊的203例其他疾病患儿为对照组。对两组患儿家属进行面对面访谈,并记录访谈数据;采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析法对儿童误服药物中毒的主要危险因素进行分析。结果误服药物中毒患儿的发生率逐年上升,主要以2~7岁儿童多见(P<0.05),男童所占比例显著高于女童(P<0.05),农村地区显著高于城镇地区(P<0.05),春夏季节与中毒事件的发生亦有一定相关性(P<0.05)。经单因素及多因素分析得出,患儿家属的文化程度[OR=1.494,95%CI(1.113,2.005)]、药品放置[OR=0.372,95%CI(0.235,0.588)]、家属的药物安全意识差[OR=3.369,95%CI(2.129,5.331)]、家属用药知识缺乏[OR=3.084,95%CI(1.939,4.906)]、家属对患儿进行过药物安全教育[OR=0.230,95%CI(0.135,0.391)]是影响儿童误服药物中毒发生的独立影响因素。结论家长文化程度、药品放置、药物安全意识等是儿童误服药物中毒的独立影响因素。加强药物安全意识的宣传和普及,提高儿童及其家属的用药安全意识,以降低儿童误服药物中毒的发生风险。Objective To explore the causes and nursing countermeasures of accidental drug poisoning in children attending emergency department based on family factors,so as to reduce the occurrence of accidental drug poisoning in children.Methods A total of 203 children with drug poisoning who were treated in the emergency department of our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the poisoning group,and another 203 children with other diseases were selected as the control group.Family members of the two groups were interviewed face-to-face,and the interview data were recorded.Single factor and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the main risk factors of drug poisoning in children.Results The incidence of children with drug poisoning by mistake was increasing year by year,mainly in children aged 2 to 7(P<0.05),and the proportion of boys was significantly higher than that of girls(P<0.05),and that of rural areas was significantly higher than that of urban areas(P<0.05).Spring and summer were also correlated with the occurrence of poisoning events(P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that family members'education level[OR=1.494,95%CI(1.113,2.005)],drug placement[OR=0.372,95%CI(0.235,0588)],poor drug safety awareness of family members[OR=3.369,95%CI(2.129,5.331)],lack of drug knowledge of family members[OR=3.084,95%CI(1.939,4.906)],family members of children with drug safety education[OR=0.230,95%CI(0.135,0.391)]was an independent factor affecting the occurrence of drug poisoning in children.Conclusion Parents'education level,drug placement and drug safety awareness are independent influencing factors of drug poisoning in children.Strengthen the publicity and popularization of drug safety awareness,improve the drug safety awareness of children and their families,in order to reduce the risk of accidental drug poisoning in children.

关 键 词：家庭因素 儿童 误服中毒 诱因分析 护理对策 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科] R595.4[医药卫生—临床医学] R473.72