砜吡草唑与二甲戊灵混配对棉田阔叶杂草的防效及安全性评价  

Control effect of pyroxasulfone mixed with pendimethalin on broadleaf weeds in cotton filed and its safety evaluation

作　　者：钱涛 吴莉莉[3] 李磊 安尼瓦尔·库尔班[1] 丁瑞丰[2] QIAN Tao;WU Lili;LI Lei;Anniwaer Kuerban;DING Ruifeng(Cotton Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education of the P.R.C.,College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Korla,Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Bazhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Korla Xinjiang 841000,China;Korla Zhongzhi Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd,Korla Xinjiang 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业技术推广中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]库尔勒市中植农业科技有限公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第4期861-868,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：青年科技拔尖人才专项“南疆棉田杂草群落演替规律及主要除草剂消解动态研究”(2022TSYCJC0054);农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金“二甲戊灵和丙炔氟草胺在棉田土壤的分布及消解动态研究”(KFJJ202203);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持项目“病虫草害与生物安全防控关键技术研发”(xjnkywdzc-2022-004)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究砜吡草唑与二甲戊灵混配对棉田阔叶杂草的防除效果,并评价其安全性。【方法】设置40%砜吡草唑SC和330 g/L二甲戊灵EC混配田间药效试验,评价各处理对棉田龙葵、灰绿藜、反枝苋、马齿苋和苘麻等阔叶杂草的防效及其对棉花生产的安全性。【结果】各处理棉花出苗率为80.56%~83.61%,与对照相比差异未达显著水平。砜吡草唑SC 120、180和240 g a.i./hm^(2)分别与330 g/L二甲戊灵EC 742.5 g a.i./hm^(2)混配后,药后30 d对棉田阔叶杂草的株防效分别为89.15%、92.03%和97.83%,药后45 d株防效分别为87.94%、91.49%和95.56%,鲜重防效分别为90.80%、93.16%和95.65%,混配药剂对棉田阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效均优于单剂处理。各供试处理与对照相比,棉花增产幅度达9.89%~16.45%。【结论】40%砜吡草唑SC 120~180 g a.i./hm^(2)与330 g/L二甲戊灵EC混配可用作棉花田防除阔叶杂草,对棉花出苗安全。【Objective】To confirm the control effect on the mixture of Pyroxasulfone and Pendimethalin to broadleaf weeds in cotton field.【Methods】Field trials were set up with mixture of 40%Pyroxasulfone SC and 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC to evaluate its safety to cotton and control effect on broadleaf weeds,such as Solanum nigrum,Chenopodium glaucum,Amaranthus retroflexus,Portulaca oleracea,Abutilon theophrasti.【Results】The results showed that germination rate of cotton was 80.56%-83.61%in treatment of mixed herbicides,there were no significant differences between treatment and contrast.The dosage of 330 g a.i./L Pendimethalin EC 742.5 g a.i./hm^(2)were mixed with Pyroxasulfone SC 120,180 and 240 g a.i./hm^(2)respectively,and their control effects of plant to broadleaf weeds were 89.15%,92.03%and 97.83%after 30 days and 87.94%,91.49%and 95.56%after 45 days,the control effects of fresh weigh to broadleaf weeds were 90.80%,93.16%and 95.65%respectively,the compound-dose treatments were more efficient than single-dose treatments on control effects of plant and fresh weight to broadleaf weeds.The yield of each treatment increased 9.89%-16.45%compared with control.【Conclusion】40%Pyroxasulfone SC 120-180g a.i./hm^(2)mixed with 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC are effective to control broadleaf weeds in cotton filed and safe to cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 砜吡草唑 二甲戊灵 阔叶杂草 防治效果 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]