玉米-大刍草渗入系群体籽粒及品质性状的综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of kernel and quality traits in maize-teosinte introgression line population

作　　者：高沐甜 肖艳梅 廖志杰 黄成 GAO Mutian;XIAO Yanmei;LIAO Zhijie;HUANG Cheng(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410128,China;Maize Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Province,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,长沙410128 [3]湖南省玉米工程技术研究中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第4期885-891,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划项目(kq2209016);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2023RC3153);湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师培养项目(202210537001gg)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究玉米-大刍草渗入系群体的品质差异,为选育高品质玉米品种提供依据。【方法】对玉米-大刍草渗入系群体866份家系,采用主成分分析和聚类分析法综合评价其籽粒(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、百粒重)和品质(蛋白质、淀粉、可溶性糖、赖氨酸、磷、钾)等相关性状。【结果】10个性状的变异较丰富,变异系数为6.401%~20.451%。籽粒性状普遍与品质性状负相关,而品质性状间除淀粉、蛋白质和可溶性糖呈负相关,其余皆呈正相关。筛选出10份较为良好的自交系,其中第3类群皆包含其中。【结论】该群体各个家系的籽粒及品质性状均有不同程度的相关性,在后续产量与品质育种时,可依据其相关性定向选择材料。筛选出了在淀粉、可溶性糖与粒重等方向性状表现较好的自交系材料,可作为品质育种的核心种质资源。【Objective】To study the quality differences of maize-teosinte introgression line population in the hope of providing basis for breeding high-quality maize.【Methods】In this study,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the grains and quality traits of 866 families belonging to the maize-teosinte introgression line population.The traits analyzed included kernel length,kernel width,kernel thickness,and 100-kernel weight,as well as various quality-related traits such as protein,starch,soluble sugar,Lysine,phosphorus,and potassium.This comprehensive evaluation allowed us to gain insights into the genetic characteristics of these traits.【Results】The results showed that the 10 traits were characterized by richer variation,with coefficients of variation ranging from 6.401%to 20.451%.Kernel traits were mostly negatively correlated with quality traits,while all quality traits were positively correlated with each other except starch,protein and soluble sugar,which were negatively correlated.10 better inbred lines were selected,in which all of the 3 rd taxon were inclusive.【Conclusion】The kernel and quality traits of each family line in this group have different degrees of correlation,which can be used to select materials according to their correlation in the subsequent yield and quality breeding.Meanwhile,the inbred materials with good performance in starch,soluble sugar and kernel weight can be used as the core germplasm resources for subsequent breeding.

关 键 词：玉米 品质性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]