超高纯氢低温提纯工艺研究  

Study on Low-temperature Ultra-high Purity Hydrogen Purification Method

作　　者：黄天亮 陈既东 段罗斌 徐国稳 胡咸军 陈杰 熊联友[2] HUANG Tianliang;CHEN Jidong;DUAN Luobin;XU Guowen;HU Xianjun;CHEN Jie;XIONG Lianyou(CSIC Pride(Nanjing)Cryogenic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中船鹏力(南京)超低温技术有限公司,南京211100 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《真空与低温》2024年第4期429-435,共7页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1506202)。

摘　　要：氢能是正在大力发展的重要清洁能源,在使用过程中对氢气纯度有较高的要求。随着燃料电池和半导体行业的迅速发展,本文基于大型氢液化装置在液氢制备和液氢加注过程中回收的纯度99%以上的氢气提纯需求,对于氢气纯度的要求更加苛刻,一般纯度需求为5N~6N级别,这对于氢气高效提纯工艺提出了更大的挑战。对低温吸附法、变压吸附法、钯合金扩散法(膜分离)以及金属吸氢法等4种氢提纯工艺进行了对比分析;实验研究了液氮温区大颗粒活性炭对氢气和氮气的吸附效果;同时采用低温吸附方法设计了99%以上纯度向超高纯氢气(6N)的提纯工艺,并利用数值模拟软件对低温吸附流程工艺进行了建模分析与优化,目的在于探索和开发适用于工业生产的大流量、高纯度、稳定可靠以及经济高效的超高纯氢提纯工艺。Hydrogen energy is an important clean energy that is being vigorously developed.Hydrogen has high requirements for its gas purity during use.With the rapid development of the fuel cell and semiconductor industries,the requirements for hydrogen purity are more stringent,and the general purity requirements are 5N~6N,which poses a greater challenge for the development of efficient hydrogen purification processes.This paper is based on the demand for hydrogen purification with a purity of more than 99% recovered during liquid hydrogen preparation and liquid hydrogen filling in a large-scale hydrogen liquefaction plant.In this paper,four kinds of hydrogen purification processes,such as low temperature adsorption,pressure swing adsorption,palladium alloy diffusion(membrane separation) and metal hydrogen absorption,were compared and analyzed.The adsorption effect of large granular activated carbon on hydrogen and nitrogen in liquid nitrogen temperature region was studied by experiments.At the same time,the purification process of ultra-high purity hydrogen(6N) with more than99% purity was designed by low temperature adsorption method,and the low temperature adsorption process was modeled,analyzed and optimized by numerical simulation software.The purpose is to explore and develop a large flow,high purity,stable and reliable,economical and efficient ultra-high purity hydrogen purification process suitable for industrial production.

关 键 词：低温吸附法 超高纯氢提纯 活性炭吸附实验 数值建模分析 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程]