氢液化装置防固氧累积及安全消除固氧的流程优化  

Process Optimization for Preventing Solid Oxygen Accumulation and Safely Eliminating Solid Oxygen in Hydrogen Liquefier

作　　者：杨坤 熊联友 朱璟琦[1] YANG Kun;XIONG Lianyou;ZHU Jingqi(Beijing Sinoscience Fullcryo Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100198,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中科富海低温科技有限公司,北京100198 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《真空与低温》2024年第4期462-466,共5页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1506202)。

摘　　要：氢液化过程中氧含量超标可能导致固氧累积并导致氢氧爆炸风险。分析了由此引发的爆炸事故,并阐述了预防固氧累积的重要性。综述了近年来防止固氧累积的研究成果,包括使用超纯氢作为原料气、增加固氧洗涤器、将固氧累积调整为固空累积等,这些方法在一定程度上增加了成本或能耗。提出了一种新的解决方案,通过安装两道节流阀来防止固氧累积并安全地消除累积的固氧。通过流程模拟计算,证明了这种优化流程更易获得过冷液氢。该优化流程方案在实际应用中不会增加额外设备和能耗,具有广泛的适用性。Excessive oxygen content in the process of hydrogen liquefaction will lead to the accumulation of solid oxygen and the risk of hydrogen-oxygen explosion.These explosion incidents caused by such accumulations are introduced,and the importance of preventing solid oxygen accumulation is emphasized.The recent research achievements in preventing solid oxygen accumulation are reviewed,including the use of ultrapure hydrogen as feed gas,the addition of solid oxygen scrubbers,and the adjustment of solid oxygen accumulation to solid air accumulation.These methods may increase costs or energy consumption.A new solution to prevent the accumulation of solid oxygen and safely eliminate it by installing two throttle valves is proposed.Meanwhile,the process simulation validates that supercooled liquid hydrogen may be obtained more easily by the optimized process.The optimized process is suitable for a wide range of hydrogen liquefaction plants without additional equipment or increased energy consumption in practical applications.

关 键 词：氢液化装置 固氧累积 氢氧爆炸 

分 类 号：TB657.8[一般工业技术—制冷工程]