河川沙塘鳢仿生态繁育技术探究  

IMITATIVE ECOLOGICAL BREEDING TECHNOLOGY OF ODONTOBUTIS POTAMOPHILA

作　　者：向邈 李礼 徐洪亮 李波 郭红喜 王曼 王杰 辛未 谢松光[1,5] 朱晓鸣 张磊[1,3] XIANG Miao;LI Li;XU Hong-Lang;LI Bo;GUO Hong-xi;WANG Man;WANG Jie;XIN Wei;XIE Song-Guang;ZHU Xiao-Ming;ZHANG Lei(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;Huai'an Research Centre,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Huai'an 223002,China;Fisheries Research Institute,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430207;Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]淮安市水生生物研究中心,淮安223002 [4]武汉市农业科学院,武汉430207 [5]海南大学,海口570228

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第8期1385-1392,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划(2022BBA009);淮安市重点研发计划(HAN202213);淮安市自然科学研究计划(HAB202377)资助。

摘　　要：文章对河川沙塘鳢(Odontobutis potamophila)繁殖过程中鱼巢选择、鱼卵孵化、产后亲本和苗种生长情况及同类残食进行了相关研究。结果显示,河川沙塘鳢亲本对鱼巢的选择为池塘四周中层水体的鱼巢;苗种最佳孵化方式为孵化缸带雄鱼孵化,该种方式水霉发生率最低(29.13%)。通过对亲本池与苗种池河川沙塘鳢生长和繁殖力的周年监测,发现鱼苗9月特定生长率最大, 10月明显下降,冬季接近于0,至次年繁殖期降为负值,繁殖过后迅速回升;亲本特定生长率变化趋势与苗种相似,不同的是亲本在10月特定生长率最大。鱼苗生长至次年能完成性腺发育并参与繁殖,绝对繁殖力为(1157±666)粒,显著低于亲本池(2570±943)粒,但相对繁殖力[(112.78±19.97)粒/g]显著高于亲本池[(89.05±26.25)粒/g]。此外,文章基于养殖过程中出现同类残食现象,构建了预测模型TLprey=0.701TLcannibal–8.043,提出苗种培育的分级培育技术,建议在集约化养殖中将全长比值相差1.55倍的个体分开培育。文章丰富了河川沙塘鳢人工繁育技术。We investigated various aspects of the reproduction process of the dark sleeper(Odontobutis potamophila),including nest selection,egg incubation,postnatal growth of parents and fry,as well as cannibalism.The results showed that O.potamophila parents preferred nests located in the middle regions of water bodies around ponds.The most effective method for hatching fry was found to be in hatchery tanks with males,which exhibited the lowest Saprolegniasis(29.13%).Through the annual monitoring of growth and fecundity in both parent and fry ponds of O.potamophila,we observed that the specific growth rate(SGR)of fry peaked in September,declined notably in October,approached 0 during winter,turned negative during the subsequent breeding period,and then rapidly rebounded post-breeding.The SGR trend in the parent pond mirrored that of the fry pond,with the exception that the peak SGR for the parent pond occurred in October.Fry reached maturity by the following year,exhibiting complete gonadal development and readiness for reproduction.Absolute fecundity was recorded at(1157±666)eggs,significantly lower than the(2570+943)eggs observed in the parental pond.However,relative fecundity[(112.78+19.97)eggs/g]was significantly higher than that of the parental pond[(89.05±26.25)eggs/g].In addition,we developed a predictive model,TLprey=0.701TLcannibal-8.043,based on phenomenon of cannibalism within the species during the breeding process.Additionally,we proposed a hierarchical breeding technique for seedling cultivation,suggesting the separate breeding of individuals with a difference exceeding 1.55 times the total length ratio in intensive breeding setups.These findings contribute to the advancement of artificial breeding techniques for O.potamophila.

关 键 词：仿生态养殖 苗种培育 同类残食预测模型 河川沙塘鳢 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]