直接电解海水制氢技术与产业现状  

TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL STATUS OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM SEAWATER BY DIRECT ELECTROLYSIS

作　　者：张宝忠 Zhang Baozhong(SINOPEC Tianjin Company,Tianjin 300271,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(天津)石油化工有限公司,天津300271

出　　处：《精细石油化工》2024年第4期64-69,共6页Speciality Petrochemicals

摘　　要：直接电解海水制氢通过利用海水作为电解液并耦合可再生能源发电,有望实现以低廉的成本大规模制取绿氢,是我国布局新能源体系的重要战略方向。相比于目前技术较为成熟的碱性水电解制氢和质子交换膜电解水制氢技术,电解海水制氢能够显著降低离岸场景下可再生能源制氢的价格,通过结合海上风电场共建推动沿海地区的清洁能源开发。探讨了电解过程中存在的技术难点与挑战,详细介绍了直接电解海水制氢技术国内外的政策和产业现状,分析了未来电解水制氢的产业规模发展情况,从系统层面评估了电解海水制氢的新型技术路线和提升策略。Direct electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen production is expected to achieve large-scale production of green hydrogen at low cost by utilizing seawater as electrolyte and coupling renewable energy for power generation,which is an important strategic direction for China to layout its new energy system.Compared with current hydrogen production technologies such as alkaline water electrolysis and proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,hydrogen production through direct electrolysis of seawater can significantly reduce the price of hydrogen converted from renewable energy in offshore scenarios,and promote the development of clean energy in coastal areas by combining with the co-construction of offshore wind farms.This article explores the technical difficulties and challenges in the electrolysis process,provides a detailed introduction to the policies and industry status of direct electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen production both domestically and internationally,and analyzes the development of the industrial scale of seawater electrolysis.Finally,the novel technological routes and improvement strategies for direct electrolysis of seawater are evaluated at the system level.

关 键 词：海水制氢 氢能 氧析出反应 氧还原反应 制氢工业 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]