铁路客站拱形高大候车厅音质设计研究与应用  

Research and Application of Sound Quality Design of High and Large Arched Waiting Halls in Railway Passenger Stations

作　　者：胡文林 王然 何宾 赵畅 宋哲男 HU Wenlin;WANG Ran;HE Bin;ZHAO Chang;SONG Zhenan(National Engineering Research Center for Digital Construction and Assessment Technology of Urban Rail Transit,China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Rail Transit Survey and Design,China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China;Architectural Design and Research Institute,China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司城市轨道交通数字化建设与测评技术国家工程研究中心,天津300308 [2]中国铁路设计集团有限公司轨道交通勘察设计国家地方联合工程实验室,天津300308 [3]中国铁路设计集团有限公司建筑设计研究院,天津300308

出　　处：《铁路技术创新》2024年第4期96-101,共6页Railway Technical Innovation

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(L2023Z002、K2022G059);中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技开发项目(2024A0253808)。

摘　　要：针对铁路客站拱形高大候车厅开展室内音质提升研究,建立候车厅室内建筑声学仿真模型,采用高指向性阵列扬声器作为声源,在主要候车区和旅客通道分散设置接收点,计算天窗下垂片、拱形单元体侧面及底面、座椅等不同位置设置吸声材料时的室内混响时间及语言传输指数,分析不同混响时间条件下广播清晰度的变化规律,对比候车厅内不同区域广播清晰度的差异。根据仿真结果,以主要候车区域获得较高的广播清晰度为目标,提出候车厅吸声材料设置方案及电声方案,并实测应用效果。This study focuses on enhancing indoor sound quality within high and large arched waiting halls in railway passenger stations.An indoor architectural acoustic simulation model was developed for these waiting halls.Highdirectivity array loudspeakers were used as sound sources,with receiving points arranged in main waiting areas and passenger passages.The study involved the calculation of indoor reverberation time and speech transmission index by placing sound absorption materials at different locations such as skylight hanging pieces,side and bottom surfaces of arch units,and seats.The change pattern of broadcasting articulation under different reverberation time conditions was analyzed.Furthermore,a comparison was conducted on the difference in broadcasting articulation across various areas of the waiting hall.Based on the simulation results,a sound absorption material configuration solution and an electroacoustic solution were put forward for waiting halls,and their application effects were evaluated,aiming to achieve improved broadcasting articulation in the main waiting areas.

关 键 词：铁路站房 高大空间 拱形建筑 室内音质 

分 类 号：TU248[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TB5[理学—物理]