大型铁路客站站房外遮阳节能潜力分析及调控阈值优化  

Energy Saving Potential Analysis and Regulation Threshold Optimization of External Shading for Large Railway Passenger Station Buildings

作　　者：夏卫 张海军 田利伟[3] 蒋福建 苏小文 XIA Wei;ZHANG Haijun;TIAN Liwei;JIANG Fujian;SU Xiaowen(Station Building Construction Headquarters,China Railway Guangzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510180,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;China Railway SIYUAN Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司站房建设指挥部,广东广州510180 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430061

出　　处：《铁路技术创新》2024年第4期115-122,共8页Railway Technical Innovation

基　　金：国家铁路局2023年课题研究计划项目(KF2023-044);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(K2022G062)。

摘　　要：大窗墙比、大天窗比的透明围护结构是大型铁路场站冷负荷大、环控能耗高的重要原因之一,外遮阳设置是缓解该现象的有效手段,但其应用还需合理平衡对自然采光的影响。以某大型铁路客站站房为对象,建立其光热环境数值分析模型并进行验证;在此基础上,以空调照明综合能耗为指标,选取卷帘外遮阳为代表,分析建筑外遮阳在不同气候区铁路客站应用的综合节能潜力,并确定了适宜外遮阳应用的热工气候分区;在保证室内光热环境水平的前提下,分析空调照明综合能耗随外遮阳调控阈值(以太阳辐射投射强度为依据)的变化情况,并总结不同气候区的最佳调控阈值。该研究成果完善了交通基础设施的被动式技术体系,可为外遮阳技术在大型铁路客站站房的设计和调控提供理论依据。The transparent enclosure structure with large window-wall ratio and large skylight ratio is one of the important reasons for high cooling load and high energy consumption of environmental control in large railway stations.The setting of external shading is an effective means to alleviate this phenomenon,but its application still needs to reasonably balance the impact on natural lighting.This paper takes a large railway passenger station building as the object,establishes a numerical analysis model for its photothermal environment and verifies it.On this basis,by taking the comprehensive energy consumption of air-conditioning lighting as an indicator and selecting the external shading of roller shutter as a representative,this paper analyzes the comprehensive energy saving potential of building external shading applied to railway passenger stations in different climate zones,and determines the thermal climate zones suitable for external shading application.On the premise of ensuring indoor photothermal environment level,this paper analyzes the change of comprehensive energy consumption of airconditioning lighting with the external shading regulation threshold(based on the projection intensity of solar radiation),and summarizes the optimal regulation threshold in different climate zones.The study results improve the passive technical system of transportation infrastructure and provide a theoretical basis for the design and regulation of external shading technology in large railway station buildings.

关 键 词：铁路客站 建筑遮阳 调控阈值 太阳得热 节能潜力 自然采光 

分 类 号：TU248.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]