林草复合系统中杨树-紫花苜蓿间作对苜蓿生长发育及品质的影响  

Effects of intercropping poplar-alfalfa on growth and quality of alfalfa in forest-grass compound system

作　　者：代元帅 鲁为华[2] 申磊 王秀媛 张文龙 张伟[1] DAI Yuanshuai;LU Weihua;SHEN Lei;WANG Xiuyuan;ZHANG Wenlong;ZHANG Wei(College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第5期1182-1189,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460335,31560376);国家牧草产业技术体系石河子综合试验站(CARS-34);中国博士后科学基金(2015M582737)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究杨树-苜蓿间作对紫花苜蓿生长发育及品质的影响,为新疆林草复合模式的可持续发展提供理论和技术依据。【方法】2018~2019年4月上旬至9月上旬,每隔15 d对紫花苜蓿进行采样,测定紫花苜蓿的农艺性状(株高、叶面积指数、茎叶比、茎粗、生长速度)及品质(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、饲用品质),并监测单作、间作紫花苜蓿田间微气候(空气温度、空气湿度、露点温度、风速)。【结果】间作苜蓿各项指标均显著低于单作,间作的干草总产量比单作低55.27%;单作紫花苜蓿的露点温度和风速分别比间作高70.68%、93.83%,但单作紫花苜蓿的空气湿度比间作低13.49%,空气温度无显著差异;间作紫花苜蓿的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和饲用品质分别比对应的单作高17.78%、12.33%和17.26%。【结论】杨树-紫花苜蓿间作能够改善农田微气候并显著提高紫花苜蓿的营养品质。【Objective】This experiment explored the influence of poplar-alfalfa intercropping on the growth,development and quality of alfalfa,so as to provide theoretical and technical basis for the sustainable development of forest and grass composite model in Xinjiang.【Methods】The experiment from^(2)018 to 2019,during the early April to September of every 15 days to sampling of alfalfa,determination of alfalfa agronomic traits(plant height,leaf area index,stem/leaf ratio,stem diameter,growth rate)and quality(crude protein,crude fat,forage quality),and the sole,intercropping alfalfa microclimate monitoring field(air temperature,air humidity and dew point temperature,wind speed)monitoring.【Results】The results showed that intercropped alfalfa was significantly lower than sole-cropped alfalfa in agronomic traits,and the total yield of intercropped alfalfa was 55.27%lower than that of sole-cropped alfalfa.The dew point temperature and wind speed of alfalfa monoculture were 70.68%and 93.83%higher than that of intercropping,but the air humidity of sole-cropped alfalfa was 13.49%lower than that of intercropped alfalfa,and there was no significant difference in air temperature.The crude protein,crude fat and forage quality of intercropping alfalfa were 17.78%,12.33%and 17.26%higher than that of sole-cropped alfalfa.【Conclusion】The development of intercropping between forest and grass can improve the microclimate of farmland.

关 键 词：杨树 紫花苜蓿 农艺性状 饲用品质 间作 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]