污染方式对典型成层土中苯胺迁移转化的影响  

Effects of Pollution Mode on Aniline Migration and Transformation in Typical Stratified Soil

作　　者：高芮 王月[2,3] 白顺果[1] 朱建超[2,3] 王颖[2,3] 王浩[2,3,4] GAO Rui;WANG Yue;BAI Shunguo;ZHU Jianchao;WANG Ying;WANG Hao(College of Urban and Rural Construction,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;Engineering Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [4]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第7期1573-1582,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFC1807103)。

摘　　要：苯胺污染场地的治理因其特有的相间转换性质而具有挑战,污染方式对污染物的迁移转化起到关键作用,掌握苯胺在土壤环境中的迁移转化规律,预测不同污染方式对苯胺在上部低渗透、下部高渗透(low permeability zone-high permeability zone,LPZ-HPZ)的典型成层土中迁移转化的风险,对污染场地苯胺的修复方案制定具有指导意义。以贺兰山冲积扇的典型成层土为研究对象,在场地调查的基础上进行吸附/解吸实验和土柱淋滤实验,并根据污染场地条件建立苯胺迁移转化模型,研究土壤类型和污染方式(短期高剂量,1个月泄漏100 kg;长期低剂量,1年泄漏100 kg)对苯胺迁移转化规律的影响。结果表明:①研究区砂土和粉土介质对苯胺的吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,吸附等温线满足Freundlich等温吸附模型。②TMVOC模型能够较好地模拟不同污染方式下典型成层土中苯胺的迁移转化过程。③相同泄漏量情况下,苯胺在长期低剂量污染方式下迁移更深,证明污染源浓度与迁移深度关系密切。④污染事件发生前期,在短期高剂量的污染方式下97.21%的苯胺以非水相液体(nonaqueous phase liquid,NAPL)相存在,长期低剂量污染方式下NAPL相的占比略低,为93.76%;泄漏后期,两种污染方式下均有99.8%以上的苯胺溶解为液相,并达到相间的动态稳定。⑤苯胺进入地下环境3年后,在长期低剂量的污染方式下率先在LPZHPZ界面发生突破行为,进入高渗透层后苯胺纵向迁移速度增加,对地层更深处造成污染,并且此时相间重分配现象最明显。因此在泄漏发生后应在苯胺进入高渗透介质前及时补救,最晚不应超过泄漏事件发生后3年,且前期修复方案选择着重苯胺的NAPL相修复,后期选择利于液相苯胺修复的方案。The treatment of aniline contaminated sites is challenging because of its phase conversion characteristics.Pollution mode plays a key role in the migration and transformation of pollutants.It is necessary to grasp the migration and transformation rules of aniline in soil environment and assess the impact of various pollution modes on the migration and transformation of aniline within the typical stratified soil characterized by low permeability in the upper part and high permeability in the lower part(LPZ-HPZ),which is important for managing aniline pollution in typical media.This study focuses on the stratified soil in the alluvial fan of Helan Mountain as the subject of investigation.We performed on-site assessments,adsorption/desorption experiments,and soil column leaching experiments.Furthermore,we developed a model to predict the migration and transformation of aniline based on the conditions observed at the contaminated site.This study explored the influence of soil types and pollution patterns,considering the effects of short-term high-dose(100 kg of aniline a month)and long-term low-dose(100 kg of aniline a year)pollution scenarios on the migration and transformation of aniline.The research results show that:(1)The adsorption process of aniline in sandy and silt media conforms to the second-order reaction equation,and the adsorption isotherm satisfies the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model.(2)The TMVOC model effectively simulates the migration and transformation process of aniline in typical stratified soil under different pollution modes.(3)With the same amount of leakage,aniline migrates to greater depths under long-term low-dose pollution,which proves that the concentration of pollution sources is closely related to the migration depth.(4)In the early stage of the pollution event,97.21% of the phenylamine exists in the non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL)phase under short-term high-dose pollution,while this proportion decreases slightly to 93.76% under long-term low-dose pollution.As the leakage event prog

关 键 词：吸附方程 污染方式 运输模型 苯胺 LPZ-HPZ成层土 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]