生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液渗漏场地污染风险评价体系  

Contamination Risk Assessment System for Leachate Leakage from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites

作　　者：张帅 周弋铃 彭靖宇 杜超 詹良通[1,2] 陈云敏[1,2] ZHANG Shuai;ZHOU Yiling;PENG Jingyu;DU Chao;ZHAN Liangtong;CHEN Yunmin(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geo-Environmental Engineering,Ministry of Education,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学岩土工程研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学,软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第7期1583-1591,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51988101,52278376)。

摘　　要：为应对生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液渗漏导致的场地污染问题以及分析对周边环境和人类健康的影响,本研究综合考虑了自然和社会影响因素,采用“源−途径−受体”全过程分析法,建立了包括潜在危险、场地环境脆弱性和敏感目标在内的风险评价指标体系,并确定了各指标评分标准。通过对生活垃圾填埋场污染防控领域的权威专家进行问卷调查,并运用层次分析法确定了各指标的权重,应用加权求和法计算了风险指数,将污染风险分为“高”“中”“低”三级。此外,选取了国内6座典型生活垃圾填埋场(包括3座简易型和3座正规型)进行风险评价和验证。结果表明:①3座简易型(1~3号)和3座正规型(1~3号)生活垃圾填埋场的风险等级依次为高(7.14)、高(7.79)、中(5.35)、中(5.56)、中(5.86)、中(6.29)。②通过与现有方法和实际情况进行对比验证,证明了本研究所建的风险评价体系合理可行,在指标代表性和评价结果有效性方面优于现有体系。③本研究充分利用了地表水、地下水、渗滤液监测及水文地质调查等场地调查数据,提高了评价的准确性。研究显示,提出的风险评价体系适用于我国生活垃圾填埋场的高厨余特征,能够有效地识别渗滤液渗漏场地污染风险的关键环节,本文可为场地分级管理提供指引,并为渗滤液渗漏场地污染的治理、修复、监测及管理提供有力依据。This study addresses the issues of site contamination and environmental and human health impacts caused by leachate leakage from municipal solid waste(MSW)landfills.The study systematically considers both natural and social factors by using the‘sourcepathway-receptor’analysis method.A risk assessment index system was established with established criteria for each indicator,including potential hazard,site environmental vulnerability,and sensitive target.Survey questionnaires were conducted among authoritative experts,and the weight of each indicator was determined through the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).The risk index was calculated using the weighted sum method with three levels of pollution risks:high,medium,and low.Six typical MSW landfill sites in China,including both simple and sanitary types,were selected for validation.The results show that:(1)The risk levels of the three simple(Sites 1-3)and three sanitary(Sites 1-3)landfill sites were high(7.14),high(7.79),medium(5.35),medium(5.56),medium(5.86),and medium(6.29).(2)The risk assessment system was validated to be reasonable compared to the real-world scenarios and feasible for the existing methods.Furthermore,it outperformed existing systems in terms of representativeness of its indicators and the effectiveness of its evaluation outcomes.(3)This method effectively utilizes field survey data,including surface water,groundwater,leachate monitoring,and hydrogeological exploration,thereby improving the accuracy of the assessment.Overall,this risk assessment system is effectively applicable to MSW landfill sites with high food waste content in China.This system effectively pinpoints key aspects of contamination risks from leachate leakage of MSW landfill sites.It can provide guidance for site grading management and offer strong support for the remediation,monitoring,and management of leachate leakage site contamination.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 渗滤液渗漏污染 风险评价体系 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]