塔里木盆地超深层走滑断控油气藏研究进展与趋势  

Research Progress and Trend of Ultra-Deep Strike-Slip Fault-Controlled Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Tarim Basin

作　　者：王清华[1,2,3] 蔡振忠 张银涛[2,3,4] 邬光辉 谢舟 万效国[4] 唐浩 WANG Qinghua;CAI Zhenzhong;ZHANG Yintao;WU Guanghui;XIE Zhou;WAN Xiaoguo;TANG Hao(Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China;R&D Center for Ultra‑Deep Complex Reservior Exploration and Development,CNPC,Korla,Xinjiang,841000,China;Xinjiang Engineering Research Center for Ultra‑deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China;School of Geosciences and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发工程研究中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [5]西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都610500

出　　处：《新疆石油地质》2024年第4期379-386,共8页Xinjiang Petroleum Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42241202);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05053)。

摘　　要：在塔里木盆地开辟了超深层走滑断控油气藏勘探开发领域,但断控油气藏极为复杂,难以效益开发,亟需加强油气藏基础地质研究。走滑断控油气藏具有非均质性强、储集层与流体分布复杂、油气产量变化大及采收率低的共性,不同地区走滑断控油气藏的断裂、储集层、成藏与流体存在较大的差异,面临一系列勘探开发难题。建立了差异成因的走滑断裂破碎带及其控储模型,揭示了沿走滑断裂带“相-断-溶”三元复合控储、连片差异规模发育的成储机制;构建了“源-断-储-盖”四元耦合成藏、“小藏大田”的走滑断控油藏模型,揭示了超深层走滑断控油藏的形成与保存机理。突破了克拉通盆地弱走滑断裂难以形成走滑断控大规模储集层与大油气田的理论认识局限,明确了克拉通盆地走滑断裂系统大规模发育的成因机制、走滑断裂破碎带差异成储成藏机理与油气富集规律。Ultra‑deep strike‑slip fault‑controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered as a new frontier for exploration and development in the Tarim basin.However,the complexity of these reservoirs poses a significant challenge for profitable development,necessitating enhanced foundational geological research.The strike‑slip fault‑controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs are commonly characterized by strong heterogeneity,intricate reservoir and fluid distribution,significant variations in hydrocarbon production,and low recovery.The great differences in faulting,reservoir characteristics,hydrocarbon accumulation,and fluid dynamics of these reservoirs between different areas present a series of exploration and development challenges.A series of models for strike‑slip fault zones of different genesis and their controls on reservoirs have been established,and the mechanisms of reservoir formation along strike‑slip fault zones including combined reservoir control by microfacies,strike‑slip fault and dissolution,and contiguous,differential and extensive development have been revealed.Furthermore,the strike‑slip fault‑controlled reservoir models with“source‑fault‑reservoir‑caprock coupling”and“small reservoir but large field”are constructed,unveiling the mechanisms of the hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation of ultra‑deep strike‑slip fault‑controlled reservoirs.This research breaks through the limitations in theory that weak strike‑slip faults in cratonic basins are difficult to form large‑scale strike‑slip fault‑controlled reservoirs and large oil/gas fields.Finally,the genesis of large‑scale strikeslip fault systems,the differential reservoir formation mechanisms within strike‑slip fault zones,and the hydrocarbon enrichment patterns in cratonic basins have been clarified.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 超深层 走滑断裂 断控油气藏 克拉通盆地 成藏模式 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]