超深埋隧洞防渗排水措施与衬砌外水压力分布规律  

Anti-seepage and drainage measures of ultra-deep buried tunnel and distribution law of external water pressure of lining

作　　者：苏凯[1,2,3] 杨逢杰 年夫喜 朱洪泽 SU Kai;YANG Fengjie;NIAN Fuxi;ZHU Hongze(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering(Ministry of Education),Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydropower Planning,Survey and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉大学海绵城市建设水系统科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [4]湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院有限公司,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期2222-2235,共14页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401803);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579194,51879207);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2042017kf0202)。

摘　　要：高外水压力是制约超深埋水工隧洞建设的关键性难题之一,以排水孔为中心的综合堵排措施是降低外水压力的主要举措。为克服传统排水孔实体单元法整体网格划分难度大和计算效率较低的问题,首先,基于ABAQUS平台开发了两节点排水孔线单元模型,并验证其在隧洞工程数值模拟分析中的正确性和有效性;其次,建立了考虑防渗排水措施的围岩-衬砌三维有限元模型,研究多种防渗排水措施下的隧洞渗流场及衬砌外水压力分布规律;最后,探讨了防渗灌浆圈与排水孔设计参数对外水压力分布的影响,提出了防渗灌浆圈与排水孔间隔布置的原则。研究结果表明:所开发的两节点排水孔线单元具有较高的精度,在排水孔数目繁多的模型中具有极高效率;排水孔数目越多、深度越大、排距越小,衬砌外水压力越低;排水孔能够有效降低衬砌的外水压力,而防渗灌浆圈降外压能力有限;在排水孔末端间隔一定厚度围岩后再施作防渗灌浆圈,可更有效发挥两者的降压作用。High external water pressure is one of the key problems restricting the construction of ultra-deep hydraulic tunnel.The comprehensive water blocking and drainage measures centered on drainage holes are the main methods to reduce external water pressure.In order to overcome the problems of high overall meshing difficulty and low computational efficiency of traditional drainage hole solid element method,firstly,a two-node drainage hole line element model was developed based on ABAQUS platform,and its correctness and effectiveness of the numerical simulation analysis of tunnel engineering was verified.Secondly,a three-dimensional finite element model of surrounding rock and lining considering anti-seepage and drainage measures was established to study the seepage field of the tunnel and the distribution of external water pressure of the lining with various anti-seepage and drainage measures.Finally,the influence of design parameters of anti-seepage grouting ring and drainage holes on the distribution of external water pressure was discussed.The principle of spacing arrangement between anti-seepage grouting ring and drainage holes was proposed.The results show that the developed two-node drainage hole line element has high precision and high efficiency in the model with a large number of drainage holes.The more the number of drainage holes,the greater the depth,the smaller the row spacing,and the lower the external water pressure of the lining.The drainage hole can effectively reduce the external water pressure of the lining,but the anti-seepage grouting ring has limited ability to reduce the external water pressure.There is a certain thickness of surrounding rock between the anti-seepage grouting ring and the end of the drainage hole,which can play the role of reducing external pressure more effectively.

关 键 词：水工隧洞 混凝土衬砌 高外水压力 排水孔 防渗灌浆圈 

分 类 号：TV672[水利工程—水利水电工程]