论能斯特定理与绝对零度时的热容量表述  

On Nernst s theorem and heat capacity statement at absolute zero temperature

作　　者：苏山河[1] 陈金灿[1] SU Shan-he;CHEN Jin-can(Department of Physics,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学物理学系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《大学物理》2024年第6期3-5,共3页College Physics

基　　金：国家级一流本科课程“热力学统计物理”(2020年);福建省高校物理学学科联盟教育教学改革项目(FJPHYS-2023-A02)。

摘　　要：本文证明由能斯特定理可直接推出绝对零度时的热容量表述,即当温度趋近绝对零度时,热力学系统在不同约束条件下的各种热容量等于零.进而指出一些文献在讨论相关问题时所出现的不妥之处.所得结果有助于深入理解能斯特定理与绝对零度时热容量表述之间的关系.It is proved that the Nernst theorem can be directly used to derive the heat capacity statement at absolute zero temperature,i.e.,when the temperature approaches absolute zero,the various heat capacities of thermodynamic systems under different constraints tend to zero.Moreover,the errors in some literatures discussing related issues are pointed out.The results obtained are helpful to the deep understanding of the relationship between the Nernst theorem and the heat capacity statement at absolute zero temperature.

关 键 词：能斯特定理 绝对零度 热容量 

分 类 号：O414.2[理学—理论物理]