土地重度污染区域遥感测绘及综合污染评价研究  

Remote Sensing Mapping and Comprehensive Pollution Assessment of Heavily Polluted Land Areas

作　　者：马永春 罗福正 马成才 Ma Yongchun;Luo Fuzheng;Ma Chengcai(Qinghai Provincial Natural Resources Remote Sensing Center,Xining 810000,China;Key Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application in Qinghai Province,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Geospatial and Natural Resources Big data Center,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Provincial Geological Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Institute,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of High Altitude Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information New Technology,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省自然资源遥感中心,青海西宁810000 [2]青海省地理空间信息技术与应用重点实验室,青海西宁810000 [3]青海省地理空间和自然资源大数据中心,青海西宁810000 [4]青海省地质测绘地理信息院,青海西宁810000 [5]青海省高原测绘地理信息新技术重点实验室,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2024年第7期167-172,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：为了有效治理土地污染,需要了解污染的类型和程度,因此提出土地重度污染区域遥感测绘及综合污染评价研究。该研究以某金属矿区周边一部分区域为研究区,利用无人机搭载高光谱遥感设备采集数据,并经过中心化、平滑和散射校正处理,提高数据质量。利用相关系数法筛选特征波段,将其作为自变量,基于多元线性回归算法的映射模型估算土地重金属含量并绘制分布图。借助因子指数法综合评价污染程度并绘制相应分布图。结果表明:该研究区重金属主要分布在右下方,整体呈现由左上到右下逐渐加重的分布规律,其中三分之一区域属于重度污染。In order to effectively control land pollution,it is necessary to understand the types and degrees of pollution.Therefore,remote sensing mapping and comprehensive pollution evaluation research are proposed for areas with severe land pollution.This study takes a part of the surrounding area of a certain metal mining area as the research area,and uses unmanned aerial vehicles to carry hyperspectral remote sensing equipment to collect data.After centralization,smoothing,and scattering correction processing,the data quality is improved.Using the correlation coefficient method to screen feature bands,the study uses them as independent variables to build a mapping model based on multiple linear regression algorithm to estimate land heavy metal content and draw a distribution map.Factor index method is used to comprehensively evaluate the degree of pollution and draw corresponding distribution maps.The results indicate that heavy metals are mainly distributed in the lower right corner of the study area,showing a gradually increasing distribution pattern from top left to bottom right,with one-third of the area being heavily polluted.

关 键 词：土地重度污染区域 遥感 测绘 综合污染评价 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]