造林密度对辽宁油松幼林生长、土壤理化性质和土壤养分含量的影响  

Effects of Planting Density on Growth,Soil Physicochemical Properties and Soil Nutrient Content of Young Pinus tabuliformis Forest in Liaoning Province

作　　者：赵博文 ZHAO Bowen(Forestry Development Service Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110031,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业发展服务中心,辽宁沈阳110031

出　　处：《吉林林业科技》2024年第4期5-9,共5页Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：以3年生油松为研究对象,设置5个密度梯度1.0 m×1.0 m、1.0 m×1.5 m、1.5 m×1.5 m、1.5 m×2.0 m和2.0 m×2.0 m造林,3年后测定树高、胸径、冠幅、郁闭度、土壤理化性质及土壤养分含量。结果表明:胸径、树高和冠幅生长量随造林密度的降低呈先增加后趋于稳定的趋势,并在1.5 m×2.0 m密度时,胸径、树高和冠幅的生长量均达到最大值。通过回归方程分析,胸径、树高和冠幅的生长量与造林密度均呈负相关。从根际环境土壤理化性质和养分含量来看,1.5 m×2.0 m和2.0 m×2.0 m 2个密度之间的土壤容重、孔隙度、有机质含量、速效氮含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量差异未达到显著水平,但显著优于其他3个密度,降低造林密度可以改善土壤的理化性质,降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤通透性和养分含量。由此认定,在营造油松人工林时,造林密度不宜高于1.5 m×2.0 m。Taking 3-year-old Pinus tabuliformis as the research object,5 density gradients of 1.0 m×1.0 m,1.0 m×1.5 m,1.5 m×1.5 m,1.5 m×2.0 m and 2.0 m×2.0 m were set up for afforestation.After 3 years,tree height,DBH,crown width,canopy density,soil physicochemical properties and soil nutrient content were measured.The results showed that the increments of DBH,tree height and crown width increased first and then tended to be stable with the decrease of planting density.The increments of DBH,tree height and crown width reached the maximum at the density of 1.5 m×2.0 m.Through regression equation analysis,the increments of DBH,tree height and crown width were negatively correlated with planting density.From the perspective of the physicochemical properties and nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil,there were no significant differences in soil bulk density,porosity,organic matter content,available nitrogen content,available phosphorus content and available potassium content between the two densities of 1.5 m×2.0 m and 2.0 m×2.0 m,but the soil properties with the two densities were significantly better than those with the other three densities.Reducing the planting density could improve the soil physicochemical properties,reduce the soil bulk density,and increase soil permeability and soil nutrient content.Therefore,it was concluded that the planting density should not be higher than 1.5 m×2.0 m when constructing Pinus tabuliformis plantation.

关 键 词：造林密度 油松 林木生长 土壤养分 理化性质 

分 类 号：S791.254[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.2[农业科学—林学]