基于砂型3D打印技术的薄壁筒形件铸造成形技术  

Casting and Forming Technology of Thin-walled Cylindrical Parts Based on Sand Mould 3D Printing Technology

作　　者：高博 匡锐 范玉虎 闫亮亮 薛帅 夏岽尊 GAO Bo;KUANG Rui;FAN Yuhu;YAN Liangliang;XUE Shuai;XIA Dongzun(Naval Equipment Department,Xingping 713100,China;No.12 Research Institute of CSSC,Xingping 713102,China)

机构地区：[1]海军装备部,陕西兴平713100 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司第十二研究所,陕西兴平713102

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第12期139-144,共6页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：近年来,砂型3D打印技术取得了重大进展,利用有机粘结剂和树脂结合自硬化技术制作砂型已成熟,可运用于铸造行业,这解决了传统铸造方法普遍存在的生产效率低、工艺设计复杂等问题。采用差压铸造能够生产出性能优异的高质量铸件,当与3D打印技术结合时,能够快速获得复杂、精密的铸造成形零件。本文将3D砂型精密打印技术与差压铸造成形技术结合,采用ZAlSi7MgA铸造铝合金材质,试制了具有复杂内腔结构的薄壁筒形结构件。结果表明:产品附铸试样性能远优于国标要求,其中抗拉强度平均值达到348 MPa,提升18%,断后伸长率平均值为5.5%,提升83%,产品内部质量达到Ⅰ类铸件水平;经尺寸扫描分析,产品内腔单侧尺寸公差范围为-0.0976~+0.1089 mm,满足±0.3 mm的设计指标,实现了薄壁复杂筒形结构件的差压精密铸造成形。In recent years,a significant advancements are made in sand mould 3D printing technology.The utilization of organic binders and inorganic resin combined with self-hardening technology for making sand mould reaches a mature stage,which can be used in the casting industry.This solves the problems of low production efficiency and complex process design in traditional casting methods.Differential pressure casting can produce high quality casting with excellent performance.When combined with 3D printing technology,the complex and precise casting forming parts can be obtained quickly.In this paper,by combining 3D sand mould precision printing technology with differential pressure casting forming technology,ZAlSi7MgA cast aluminum alloy material was used to trial-produce thin-walled cylindrical structure parts with complex inner cavity structure.The results show that the performance of the cast product test samples is far better than the requirements of the national standard,in which the average tensile strength reaches 348 MPa,increased by 18%,the average elongation rate after breaking is 5.5%,increased by 83%,and the internal quality of the product reaches the level of class I casting;after size scanning analysis,the tolerance range of the single side dimensions of the product's inner cavity is-0.0976-+0.1089 mm,meeting the design index of±0.3 mm,achieving differential pressure precision casting forming of thin-walled complex cylindrical structural parts.

关 键 词：砂型3D打印 差压铸造 精密成形 

分 类 号：TG292[金属学及工艺—铸造]