转子激励对永磁同步电机电磁振动影响分析  

Analysis of rotor excitation influence on electromagnetic vibration ofpermanent magnet synchronous motor

作　　者：郭冠宁 蔡蔚 邵佰成 GUO Guanning;CAI Wei;SHAO Baicheng(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2024年第6期36-44,共9页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U21A20145);国家自然科学基金(51977052)。

摘　　要：对于电动汽车用永磁同步电机,气隙内的电磁激励会产生高频振动和噪音。通常将气隙电磁激振力施加到定子齿部,并通过理论计算或仿真得到定子或壳体外表面的振动噪音响应,而由转子激励引起的振动噪音被忽略。为研究转子激励对整体电磁振动噪音的贡献度,首先依据麦克斯韦应力张量法对气隙电磁力谐波进行理论分析,同时建立单电机的电磁振动仿真模型。然后以一台8极定子48槽内置式永磁同步电机为样机,通过试验模态分析和仿真分别对定子和转子的材料参数进行修正。再分别进行转子动力学和电磁激励下的整机动力学仿真,结果表明由转子偏心引起的不平衡电磁激励能够引起转子系统共振,并且在单位电磁力波的激励下,转子激励引起的响应与定子激励引起的响应在低频段具有同等的重要性。最后通过样机振动试验对上述结论进行了验证。For permanent magnet synchronous motors of electric vehicle application,high-frequency vibration and noise could be induced by the electromagnetic excitation within air-gap.In current research,electromagnetic forces of air-gap are usually applied to the stator teeth,and then the vibration and noise response of the stator or outer surface of housing is obtained through theoretical calculation or simulation,while the vibration and noise induced by rotor excitation is ignored.In order to study the contribution of rotor excitation to the overall electromagnetic vibration and noise,first,the electromagnetic force harmonics were analyzed theoretically with the Maxwell stress tensor method,and then the vibration simulation model of single motor was established.Secondly,taking an 8-pole 48 stator slots interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM)as the prototype,the stator and rotor material parameters were corrected through experimental modal test,and then the rotor dynamic and whole motor dynamic response under the electromagnetic excitation was simulated.The results show rotor resonance could be excited by the unbalanced electromagnetic force induced by the eccentricity;the responses induced by rotor and stator respectively are of equal importance in the low frequency range.Finally,the conclusions above are verified through vibration test on prototype.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 转子偏心 电磁力波 模态分析 临界转速 电磁振动 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]