1960—2020年淮河流域不同等级降水日数时空变化特征  

Spatio-temporal characteristics of precipitation days for different grades in Huaihe River Basin during 1960—2020

作　　者：袁征 张志高[2] 李苏 刘嘉毅 王佳欣 王赟 蔡茂堂[5] YUAN Zheng;ZHANG Zhi-gao;LI Su;LIU Jia-yi;WANG Jia-xin;WANG Yun;CAI Mao-tang(School of Mathematics and Information Science,Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000,Henan,China;School of Resources Environment and Tourism,Anyang Normal University,Anyang 455000,Henan,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Dingxi Meteorological Office of Gansu,Dingxi 743000,Gansu,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳工学院数学与信息科学学院,河南安阳455000 [2]安阳师范学院资源环境与旅游学院,河南安阳455000 [3]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [4]定西市气象局,甘肃定西743000 [5]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期26-34,共9页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42272112);2022河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2022BJJ003);河南省科技攻关项目(232102320024;232102321109);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师项目(2020GGJS188);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A170008);安阳市科技计划项目(2022C01NY019)。

摘　　要：基于淮河流域40个气象站点1960—2020年逐日降水数据,采用Mann-Kendall突变检验和Morlet小波分析等方法,对淮河流域不同等级降雨日数及雨日概率时空分布特征进行分析.结果表明,1960—2020年淮河流域年总雨日均值为101.13 d,小雨日数占总降雨日数的75.08%,对流域总降水日数起重要作用.近61年来淮河流域小雨、大雨、暴雨和总降水日数均呈减少趋势,小雨日数对淮河流域年总降水日数的减少起决定性作用;总雨日气候概率在0.088~0.536之间,各等级降水年内雨日概率分布表现为平缓型和单峰型.流域各等级降水日数和雨日概率整体呈由南向北递减的分布特征,东南部和西南部降雨日数和雨日概率较高,流域北部沂源-兖州-开封-郑州一线较低.流域各等级降水存在28 a和22 a左右的长周期变化,以及8 a和4 a左右的短周期变化.Based on the daily precipitation data of 40 meteorological stations in the Huaihe River Basin from 1960 to 2020,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the number of rainfall days and the probability of rainy days at different grades were analyzed by using Mann-Kendall mutation test and Morlet wavelet analysis.The results showed that from 1960 to 2020,the average annual total rainfall days in the Huaihe River Basin was 101.13 d,and the number of light rain days accounted for 75.08%of the total rainfall days,which played an important role in the total rainfall days in the Basin.In the past 61 years,the number of light rain,heavy rain,storm rain and total precipitation days in the Huaihe River Basin has decreased,the number of light rain days played a decisive role in the reduction of the total annual precipitation days.The climate probability of total rainy days in the Huaihe River Basin was 0.088~0.536 in recent 61 years.The probability distribution of rainy days in each grade of precipitation in the year showed two types:gently and unimodal type.The number of rainfall days and the probability of rainy days at all grades in the basin were decreasing from south to north.The number of rainfall days and the probability of rainy days were higher in the southeast and southwest of the basin,and lower along the Yiyuan-Yanzhou-Kaifeng-Zhengzhou in the northern basin.There were long period changes of 28a and 22a,and short period changes of 8a and 4a in precipitation of all grades in the basin.

关 键 词：降水等级 降水日数 雨日概率 时空变化 淮河流域 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]