创新生态系统视角下颠覆性技术培育模式研究——基于DARPA及欧洲实践的分析  

Research on Disruptive Technology Incubation Models from the Perspective of Innovation Ecosystem——Based on the Study of DARPA and the European Practice

作　　者：黄雁宁 赵志远[1] 李艾丹 赵筱媛[1] Huang Yanning;Zhao Zhiyuan;Li Aidan;Zhao Xiaoyuan(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,Beijing 10038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第7期154-163,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“颠覆性技术早期识别的弱信号监测体系设计与应用研究”(22BTQ067);中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金青年项目“颠覆性技术创新‘政府-社会资本’多元化资助模式研究”(QN2023-15)。

摘　　要：本文围绕如何构建颠覆性技术创新培育模式的问题,从创新生态系统视角出发,结合案例分析和归纳比较的方法,分析美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)颠覆性技术培育模式的构成要素,并结合欧洲典型国家以及欧盟对DARPA模式的效仿和本土化,验证、归纳出DARPA模式最为关键的要素特点。研究结果表明,虽然欧美颠覆性技术培育机构或基金在战略目标上存在军事化与非军事化的不同,但是在颠覆性技术创新生态系统中,明确的创新战略、高容错度的文化理念和深度参与创新过程的创新参与者起关键作用。This article focuses on how to build a disruptive technology innovation cultivation model,and analyzes the components of the U.S.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)disruptive technology cultivation model from the perspective of innovation ecosystem,combined with the methods of case analysis and inductive comparison.It also verifies and summarizes the most critical element characteristics by combining the emulation and localization of the DARPA model by typical European countries and the EU.This article finds that although there is a difference between militarized and non-militarized in the strategic goals of European and US disruptive technology cultivation institutions or funds,a clear innovation strategy,a high degree of fault-tolerant cultural concept and innovation participants deeply involved in the innovation process play a key factor in the disruptive technology innovation ecosystem.

关 键 词：颠覆性技术 DARPA模式 创新生态系统 欧洲实践 

分 类 号：G323[文化科学] G327