中央苏区时期的防灾救灾研究——以《红色中华》为视角  

Study on Disaster Prevention and Relief in the Central Soviet Area Period——Taking "Red China" as the Perspective

作　　者：孙伟 叶彩虹 SUN Wei;YE Caihong(School of Marxism,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学马克思主义学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《赣南师范大学学报》2024年第4期17-25,共9页Journal of Gannan Normal University

基　　金：江西财经大学科研课题学生项目(20231014194237759)。

摘　　要：中央苏区时期水灾、旱灾、虫灾等自然灾害频发,严重威胁了人民群众的生命与财产安全。灾情形成的原因有:自然环境、气候等因素,国民党与反动地主奸商的加害,国民政府昔日在苏区统治的历史遗留,少数苏维埃政府官员失职渎职。苏区政府高度重视开展防灾救灾工作,如防灾关口前置的举措有:兴修水利、种植树木、开荒防虫;救灾机制灵敏,如赈济施助、生产自救、力防返灾。苏区在解民忧、惠民生、聚民心等方面,防灾救灾成效显著;而同时期国民党的统治之下,却是民不聊生、社会动荡、不得民心。苏区防灾救灾工作是马克思主义防灾救灾理论中国化的产物,通过认真研究,总结其历史经验,有助于进一步推进我国防灾救灾治理体系和治理能力现代化。Natural disasters such as floods,droughts and pests were frequent during the period of the Central Soviet Area,seriously threatening the lives and property of the people.The causes of these disasters included the natural environment,climate and other factors,the harm done by the Kuomintang and the reactionary landlords and merchants,the historical legacy of the Kuomintang government's former rule in the Soviet Union,and the dereliction of duty and malfeasance of a few Soviet government officials.The Soviet government attached great importance to the work of disaster prevention and relief,the initiatives of preventing disasters,such as constructing water conservancy,planting trees,and opening up wasteland and preventing pests;and the sensitive mechanism of disaster relief,such as the provision of relief and assistance,self-help in production,and the prevention of returning to disasters.In the Soviet Union,the effectiveness of disaster prevention and relief was remarkable in solving the people's problems,benefiting the people's livelihood and gathering the people's hearts;while under the rule of the Kuomintang in the same period,the people were in dire straits,social unrest,and the people were in dire need of help.The work of disaster prevention and relief in the Soviet Union is the product of the Sinicization of the Marxist theory of disaster prevention and relief.By carefully studying and summarizing its historical experience,it will be helpful to further promote the modernization of China's disaster prevention and relief governance system and governance capacity.

关 键 词：中央苏区时期 防灾救灾 红色中华 中国共产党 苏维埃政府 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]