冀北山地植被恢复对不同坡位土壤可蚀性与养分的影响  

Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Erodibility and Nutrients at Different Slope Sites in Northern Hebei Mountains

作　　者：沙晓玮 武昱鑫 贾国栋[1] 余新晓[1] SHA Xiaowei;WU Yuxin;JIA Guodong;YU Xinxiao(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第4期11-19,28,共10页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1302502-03)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解不同坡位和不同土地利用引起的土壤可蚀性和养分差异,讨论各因素对土壤可蚀性和养分情况的影响状况。[方法]通过土壤和根系取样,使用加权求和法计算不同坡位和不同土地利用下的综合土壤可蚀性指数(CSEI)和综合土壤养分指数(CSNI)。[结果](1)不同坡位下的CSEI和CSNI均存在差异,其中CSEI的最大、最小值分别出现在坡上(0.653)和坡下(0.275),CSNI的最大、最小值分别出现在坡顶(0.715)和坡上(0.341);(2)不同土地利用下的CSEI和CSNI均存在差异,其中CSEI的最大、最小值分别出现在撂荒地(0.617)和林地(0.252),CSNI的最大、最小值分别出现在林地(0.793)和撂荒地(0.322);(3)CSEI与黏粒含量、砂粒含量、根长密度和地上生物量呈显著负相关,与粉粒含量和土壤容重呈显著正相关,其中容重的直接影响最大(0.26);CSNI与黏粒含量、砂粒含量、根长密度和地上生物量呈显著正相关,与粉粒含量和土壤容重呈显著负相关,其中黏粒含量的直接影响最大(0.45);CSEI、CSNI二者间呈显著负相关。[结论]坡位对CSEI和CSNI均有显著影响,在植被恢复中应注重坡上和坡中;各地貌部位植被恢复均有效降低CSEI并提升CSNI,其中乔木对水土流失的控制更为有效。[Objective]To understand the variations in soil erodibility and nutrient content caused by different slope positions and land uses,and to discuss the influence of various factors on soil erodibility and nutrient status.[Methods]Soil and root samples were collected,and the Comprehensive Soil Erodibility Index(CSEI)and Comprehensive Soil Nutrient Index(CSNI)were calculated using a weighted sum method under different slope positions and land uses.[Results](1)There were differences in both CSEI and CSNI among different slope positions.The highest value of CSEI was recorded on the slope crest(0.653)and the lowest value was at the bottom of the slope(0.275),while the highest value of CSNI was found on the slope crest(0.715)and the lowest value was at the top of the slope(0.341).(2)Differences in both CSEI and CSNI were observed among different land uses.The highest value of CSEI was observed in fallow land(0.617)and the lowest value was in forests(0.252),while the highest value of CSNI was found in forests(0.793)and the lowest value was in fallow land(0.322).(3)CSEI was significantly negatively correlated with clay content,sand content,root length density and aboveground biomass.It was also significantly positively correlated with silt content and soil bulk density.Soil bulk density had the greatest direct impact(0.26).CSNI was significantly positively correlated with clay content,sand content,root length density and aboveground biomass.It was also significantly negatively correlated with silt content and soil bulk density.Clay content had the greatest direct impact(0.45).There was a significant negative correlation between CSEI and CSNI.[Conclusion]Slope position significantly influences both CSEI and CSNI,emphasizing the importance of focusing on slope crests and mid-slopes in vegetation restoration efforts.Vegetation restoration in various geomorphic positions effectively reduces CSEI and enhances CSNI,with trees being more effective in controlling soil erosion.

关 键 词：土壤可蚀性 土壤养分 坡位 土地利用 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]