黄土高原近40年梯田建设的土壤固碳效益初步估算  

Preliminary Estimation of Soil Carbon Sequestration Benefits of Terrace Construction on the Loess Plateau In the Past Nearly 40 Years

作　　者：张玥 郭学锋 韩剑桥[1,2] 孙彭成 ZHANG Yue;GUO Xuefeng;HAN Jianqiao;SUN Pengcheng(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy and Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Yulin Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Engineering Construction Center,Yulin,Shaanxi,719003,China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Water Resources,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]榆林市水土保持生态工程建设中心,陕西榆林719003 [4]黄河水利科学研究院黄土高原水土保持水利部重点实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第4期190-197,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：黄河水科学研究联合基金重点项目(U2243212);榆林市2023年科技计划项目(2023-SF-14);气候变化对阿根廷水土资源影响评估与综合适应对策研究项目(16146KYSB20200001)。

摘　　要：[目的]为揭示黄土高原梯田土壤有机碳含量的时空规律和梯田土壤固碳时空分布特征。[方法]基于META分析的方法,研究梯田土壤有机碳含量随土层深度和梯田修建年限的变化特征,分析黄土高原各区域梯田土壤固碳的时空分布特征。[结果](1)SOC含量和固碳效益随土壤深度的增加而减少,80—100 cm土层的SOC含量为0-20 cm土层的60.74%,0—20 cm土层的固碳效益为23.1%,80—100 cm土层为5.7%。(2)梯田固碳效益随修建年限呈非线性增加,梯田0—20 cm土层固碳效益由修建第1年的-8.29%逐步增加,在第24年时达到最大值34%,此后保持稳定。(3)1979-2023年黄土高原梯田总固碳约为38.29 Mt C,平均固碳38.49 t C/(km^(2)·a)。泾河上中游流域平均固碳速率最高,为50.14 t C/(km^(2)·a),河龙区间平均固碳速率最低,为29.04 t C/(km^(2)·a)。[结论]在黄土高原兴修梯田可以提高SOC含量,并且梯田的固碳是一个相对漫长的过程,需要科学的设计及管护才能更好地发挥其固碳效益。在黄土高原开展梯田建设加之合理规划、设计、科学的管护是提高区域土壤固碳效益的有效措施。研究结果可为黄土高原地区水土保持固碳效益核算提供理论与方法支持。[Objective]The aim of this study is to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of soil organic carbon(SOC)content in terraced fields on the Loess Plateau and investigate the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of soil carbon sequestration in these terraced fields.[Methods]Using the META analysis method,the variations characteristics of SOC content in terraced soil with soil depth and years of terraced construction were studied,and analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution features of soil carbon sequestration in terraced fields across different regions of the Loess Plateau.[Results](1)SOC content and carbon sequeering benefits decreased with the increase of soil depth,SOC content in the 80-100 cm soil layer was 60.74%of that in 0-20 cm soil layer,carbon sequeering benefit in the 0-20 cm layer was 23.1%and that in 80-100 cm soil layer was 5.7%.(2)The carbon sequestration benefits of terrace increased nonlinearly with the construction years.The carbon sequestration benefits of 0-20 cm soil layer of terrace gradually increased from-8.29%in the first year of construction to 34%in the 24th year,and then remained stable.(3)During 1979 to 2023,the total carbon sequestration of terraces on the Loess Plateau was approximately 38.29 Mt C,and the average carbon sequestration was 38.49 t C/(km^(2)·a).The Jinghe River upper and middle reaches exhibited the highest average sequestration rate at 50.14 t C/(km^(2)·a),while the Helong interval showed the lowest at 29.04 t C/(km^(2)·a).[Conclusion]Terraced field construction on the Loess Plateau can enhance SOC content,and terraced field carbon sequestration was a relatively lengthy process that requires scientific design and management to maximize its carbon sequestration benefits.Conducting terraced field construction,along with proper planning,design,and scientific management,proved to be an effective measure to enhance regional soil carbon sequestration benefits.The research findings can offer theoretical and methodological support for assessing the carbon sequestration b

关 键 词：黄土高原 梯田 土壤固碳效益 META分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]