Local ancestry and selection in admixed Sanjiang cattle  

作　　者：Yang Lyu Yaxuan Ren Kaixing Qu Suolang Quji Basang Zhuzha Chuzhao Lei Ningbo Chen 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province,College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,China [2]Academy of Science and Technology,Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong,China [3]Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,China

出　　处：《Stress Biology》2023年第1期332-344,共13页逆境生物学（英文）

基　　金：supported by the earmarked fund of the CARS-37;the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872317)to Chuzhao Lei;the fellowship of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140564 and 2020M683587);Shaanxi Youth Science and Technology New Star(2022KJXX-77);the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2021JQ-137);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102523);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to Ningbo Chen;the Scientific Research Fund of the Department of Education of Yunnan(2022J0830)to Kaixing Qu.

摘　　要：The majority of native cattle are taurine×indicine cattle of diverse phenotypes in the central region of China.Sanjiang cattle,a typical breed in the central region,play a central role in human livelihood and have good adaptability,including resistance to dampness,heat,roughage,and disease,and are thus regarded as an important genetic resource.However,the genetic history of the successful breed remains unknown.Here,we sequenced 10 Sanjiang cattle genomes and compared them to the 70 genomes of 5 representative populations worldwide.We characterized the genomic diversity and breed formation process of Sanjiang cattle and found that Sanjiang cattle have a mixed ancestry of indicine(55.6%)and taurine(33.2%)dating to approximately 30 generations ago,which has shaped the genome of Sanjiang cattle.Through ancestral fragment inference,selective sweep and transcriptomic analysis,we identified several genes linked to lipid metabolism,immune regulation,and stress reactions across the mosaic genome of Sanjiang cattle showing an excess of taurine or indicine ancestry.Taurine ancestry might contribute to meat quality,and indicine ancestry is more conducive to adaptation to hot climate conditions,making Sanjiang cattle a valuable genetic resource for the central region of China.Our results will help us understand the evolutionary history and ancestry components of Sanjiang cattle,which will provide a reference for resource conservation and selective breeding of Chinese native cattle.

关 键 词：Whole-genome sequencing Local ancestry SELECTION ADAPTATION 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]