《德意志意识形态》奠定了历史唯物主义的理论基石  

The German Ideology:A Theoretical Foundation for Historical Materialism

作　　者：赵铁锁 田鑫 ZHAO Tie-suo;TIAN Xin(School of Marxism,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Marxism,Kashgar University,Kashgar 844000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350 [2]喀什大学马克思主义学院,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《徐州工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：1845年秋天至1846年5月间,马克思和恩格斯合著《德意志意识形态》一书,创造性地镌刻出历史唯物主义这块理论基石。马克思主义形成过程中的巨著之一《德意志意识形态》,使《神圣家族》和《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》的天才思想进一步丰富和发展,历史上第一次系统地阐述了唯物史观的基本原理,完成了自《神圣家族》开始的对青年黑格尔派唯心主义和费尔巴哈的批判,说明马恩完成了对从前哲学信仰的清算,标志着马克思主义哲学的成熟。基于《德意志意识形态》文本从四个方面探讨历史唯物主义,论述德国“古典”哲学之理论缺陷,首次在历史领域确立唯物主义原则;阐明社会生活本质上是实践的,也是自我批判的;探讨意识形态的本质问题,从而说明意识形态没有独立存在与发展的历史,阐明社会存在决定社会意识的基本原理;继承《1844年经济学哲学手稿》劳动异化的理论,阐明生产力决定生产关系的原理。The German Ideology,which was co-authored by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels from the autumn of 1845 to May of 1846,laid the theoretical foundation of historical materialism.As one of the most significant works in the development of Marxism,The German Ideology further enriched and refined the genius ideas presented in The Holy Family and Theses on Feuerbach.For the first time in history,Marx and Engels systematically expounded the fundamental principles of historical materialism,and completed the critique on the Young Hegelian idealism and Feuerbach that had begun from The Holy Family.It indicates that Marx and Engels had already clarified their previous philosophical beliefs,marking the maturity of Marxist philosophy.According to The German Ideology,historical materialism is explored from four perspectives:establishing for the first time the principle of materialism in the field of history through discussing the theoretical defects of German“classical”philosophy;clarifying that social life is essentially practical,i.e.,self-critical;clarifying the basic principle that social existence determines social consciousness by demonstrating with the discussion of the essence of ideology that ideology has no history of independent existence and development;elucidating the principle that the productive forces determine the production relations.

关 键 词：马克思 历史唯物主义 社会权力 感性自我 

分 类 号：A12[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]