基于熔体发泡法制备泡沫镁合金工艺优化及性能研究  

Study on Process Optimization and Performance of Foamed Magnesium Alloy Based on Melt Foaming Method

作　　者：陈尧 黄闻战 陈鹏 张玉洁 陈星宇 CHEN Yao;HUANG Wen-zhan;CHEN Peng;ZHANG Yu-jie;CHEN Xing-yu(School of Mterials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《铸造设备与工艺》2024年第3期73-78,92,共7页Foundry Equipment & Technology

基　　金：博士启动资金(20192066);来晋优秀博士基金(20202021);山西省高等学校科技创新(2020L0342);山西省青年基金(202303021222178)

摘　　要：为提升泡沫镁材料性能,研究泡沫镁制备工艺中Al元素的加入及发泡时间对泡沫镁基体性能和孔结构的影响,进而对泡沫镁材料力学性能的影响。选用纯镁(Mg)、纯铝(Al)和钙(Ca)粒作为基本材料,采用熔融铸造法制备出Mg-10Al-3Ca基体合金。以该合金为原料,分别添加2wt.%的SiC和MgCO_(3)颗粒作为增黏剂和发泡剂,在常温常压条件下,在以熔体发泡法制备泡沫镁的过程中通过优化发泡时间,成功制备出孔隙率在56.56%~73.15%范围内的泡沫镁材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、微区EDS能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等表征方法对制备的泡沫镁试样进行微观相组成分析,并通过万能试验机对试样进行力学性能测试。结果表明,通过添加Al元素制备的Mg-10Al-3Ca基体合金的抗压强度达到了303.35 MPa;通过优化发泡时间所制备的泡沫镁材料最大抗压强度为30.55 MPa、孔隙率为56.56%、吸能能力达到18.06 MJ/m^(3),具有良好的孔隙结构和性能。To enhance the performance of magnesium foam materials,the effects of adding Al elements and foaming time on the properties and pore structure of magnesium foam substrates in the preparation process were studied.This was further investigated for its influence on the mechanical properties of magnesium foam materials.Pure magnesium(Mg),pure aluminum(Al),and calcium(Ca)granules were selected as the basic materials.A Mg-10Al-3Ca matrix alloy was prepared using the melting casting method.Using this alloy as the raw material,2wt.%of SiC and MgCO_(3)particles were added respectively as a thickener and foaming agent.Under normal temperature and pressure conditions,magnesium foam was prepared using the melt foaming method.By optimizing the foaming time,mag-nesium foam materials with a porosity ranging from 56.56%to 73.15%were successfully prepared.The prepared magnesium foam speci-mens were characterized in detail using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),micro-area EDS energy spectrum analysis(EDS),X-ray dif-fraction(XRD),and other characterization methods.Mechanical property tests were conducted on the specimens using a universal testing machine.The results showed that the compressive strength of the Mg-10Al-3Ca matrix alloy prepared by adding Al elements reached 303.35 MPa.The magnesium foam material prepared by optimizing the foaming time had a maximum compressive strength of 30.55 MPa,a porosity of 56.56%,and an energy absorption capacity of 18.06 MJ/m^(3),exhibiting excellent pore structure and properties.

关 键 词：泡沫镁 发泡时间 孔隙率 抗压强度 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]