废弃风机叶片非金属粉末热解产物增强环氧树脂复合材料的制备与性能探究  

Preparation and investigation properties of epoxy resin composites reinforced with non-metallic powder pyrolysis products from waste wind turbine blades

作　　者：陈云燕 张翔 陈阳 汤之杰 黄庆[1] 徐利军 王晓岩[3] CHEN Yunyan;ZHANG Xiang;CHEN Yang;TANG Zhijie;HUANG Qing;XU Lijun;WANG Xiaoyan(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China;Chizhou CN Science and Technology Co.,LTD,Chizhou 247100,China;School of Energy and Materials,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院,上海201209 [2]安徽池州西恩新材料科技有限公司,池州247100 [3]上海第二工业大学能源与材料学院,上海201209

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第5期1415-1424,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：上海曙光计划资助项目(21SG55);上海科委科技计划资助项目(22010500800);浦东新区民生科研专项资助项目(PKJ2022-C02)。

摘　　要：针对风机叶片大量报废后处理处置的问题,将废弃风机叶片非金属粉末(retired wind turbine blades,RWTBs)热解后的产物(记作P-RWTBs)作为填料,三乙烯四胺(triethylenetetramine,TETA)为固化剂,环氧树脂(epoxy resin,EP)为基体,陶瓷粉(ceramic powder,CP)和KH-560偶联剂为添加剂制备复合材料样条,实现了废弃风机叶片的回收及再利用。通过浇筑成型法制备了复合材料,探究了热解条件对RWTBs热解失重率的影响及CP添加量、KH-560的质量分数对复合材料的力学性能、耐热性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,当升温速率为10℃·min^(−1)时,热解的最佳条件为600℃停留6 h,此时RWTBs表面的热固性树脂被彻底热解。当以TETA为固化剂、20%CP为添加剂、PRWTBs为填料时,通过2%KH-560处理后制备的P-RWTBs-2%KH-560/20%CP/EP复合材料具有较好的力学性能,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度可分别达到55.59 MPa、86.43 MPa和23.99 kJ·m^(−2),相较于TETA/EP,分别提高了23.1%、77.1%和35.3%。当温度达到360.7℃时,P-RWTBs-2%KH-560/20%CP/EP复合材料的热解失重率为30%,相较于TETA/EP提高了15.9℃。经过48h酸浸后的P-RWTBs-2%KH-560/20%CP/EP复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别降低了10%、2.4%和5.4%,相较于RWTBs/20%CP/EP,具有更强的耐腐蚀性能。P-RWTBs-2%KH560/20%CP/EP复合材料性能的提升主要是由于KH-560接枝在P-RWTBs表面形成了一层硅烷分子覆盖层,其中亲水基团与EP基体中的羟基发生氢键作用,增强了填料与基体之间的相互作用力,加强了复合材料的界面结合强度,同时提升了复合材料的亲水性和亲油性,使其表面更加稳定光滑,能有效减缓腐蚀速度。该研究可为废弃风机叶片的资源回收再利用提供一个新的思路。In response to the issue of large-scale disposal of waste wind turbine blades,the pyrolysis products of waste wind turbine blades(RWTBs)non-metallic powders(as P-RWTBs)were used as fillers,curing agent triethylenetetramine(TETA),matrix epoxy resin(EP),additive ceramic powder(CP)and KH-560 to prepare composite materials,which realized the recycling and reuse of waste wind turbine blades.Composite materials were prepared by pouring molding method.Effects of pyrolysis conditions on the weight loss rate of RWTBs during pyrolysis,as well as the effects of CP addition and KH-560 mass fraction on the mechanical properties,heat resistance,and corrosion resistance of the composite materials were investigated in this research.The results showed that when the heating rate was 10℃·min^(−1),the optimal pyrolysis condition was at 600℃for 6 hours,at which point the thermosetting resin on the surface of RWTBs was completely pyrolyzed.When using TETA as the curing agent,20%CP as the additive,and P-RWTBs as the filler,the P-RWTBs 2%KH-560/20%CP/EP composite material prepared by 2%KH-560 treatment was with good mechanical properties.The tensile strength,bending strength,and impact strength reaches 55.59 MPa,86.43 MPa,and 23.99 kJ·m^(−2),respectively.Compared with TETA/EP,it had increased by 23.1%,77.1%,and 35.3%,respectively.When the temperature reached 360.7℃,the pyrolysis weight loss rate of P-RWTBs 2%KH-560/20%CP/EP composite material was 30%,which was 15.9℃higher than TETA/EP.After 48 hours of acid immersion,the tensile strength,bending strength,and impact strength of P-RWTBs 2%KH-560/20%CP/EP composite material decreased by 10%,2.4%,and 5.4%,respectively.Compared with RWTBs 20%CP/EP,it had stronger corrosion resistance.The improvement in the performance of P-RWTBs 2%KH-560/20%CP/EP composite material was mainly due to the grafting of KH-560 onto the surface of P-RWTBs,which formed a layer of silane molecule covering layer.The hydrophilic group undergowent hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl group in the EP matrix,

关 键 词：废弃风机叶片 环氧树脂 热解 力学性能 复合材料 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]