船舶压舱水生物安全和检疫监管应对措施的探讨  

Discussion on Biosecurity and Quarantine Supervision Measures for Ship Ballast Water

作　　者：沈媛媛 田桢干 毛毛 程春明 莫宇婷 SHEN Yuan-Yuan;TIAN Zhen-Gan;MAO Mao;CHENG Chun-Ming;MO Yu-Ting(Shanghai Customs International Travel Health Care Center(Shanghai Customs Port Clinic),Shanghai 201206;Shanghai MaritimeUniversity,Shanghai 200135)

机构地区：[1]上海海关国际旅行卫生保健中心(上海海关口岸门诊部),上海201206 [2]上海海事大学物流工程学院,上海200135

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2024年第6期28-32,共5页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2302805)。

摘　　要：船舶压舱水是引发外来海洋生物安全隐患的主要渠道之一,若不加强对入境船舶压舱水的监管和控制,可能会带来海洋环境污染以及生态资源危害,也将对我国经济发展产生一定影响。因此,入境船舶压舱水的检疫监管是急需引起我国海关卫生检疫部门关注的问题。本文对发达国家和我国关于船舶压舱水的检疫监管措施进行了对比分析,并提出应对压舱水生物安全风险的具体检疫措施和建议。Ballast water from ships is one of the main channels that trigger safety hazards of alien marine organisms.If the supervision and control of ballast water from incoming ships are not strengthened,it may lead to marine environmental pollution and ecological resource damage,and will also have a certain impact on China's economic development.Therefore,the quarantine supervision of incoming ships'ballast water is an issue that urgently needs attention from China's Customs health quarantine departments.This paper compares and analyzes the quarantine supervision measures for ship ballast water in developed countries and China,and proposes specific quarantine measures and suggestions to address the biosecurity risks of ballast water.

关 键 词：船舶压舱水 管理监管 卫生检疫 生物安全 

分 类 号：U691.6[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] R185[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]