21个品系橡胶树的叶片解剖特征研究  

Anatomical traits of leaves in 21 clones of Hevea brasiliensis

作　　者：杨雨 胡欣欣 丁世涛 袁志能 黄肖[1] 欧阳宇珺 高新生[1] YANG Yu;HU Xinxin;DING Shitao;YUAN Zhineng;HUANG Xiao;OUYANG Yujun;GAO Xinsheng(Rubber Research Institute,CATAS,Haikou,Hainan 571101;Guangdong Agribusiness Tropical Agriculture Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511365;School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101 [2]广东农垦热带农业研究院有限公司,广州511365 [3]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2024年第4期373-381,共9页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020217002)。

摘　　要：为摸清我国橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)品系间的叶片形态结构差异,为高光效品种选育及适应性评价等提供依据,以‘热研73397’、‘热研917’等21份我国橡胶树主要栽培品系为实验材料,采用石蜡切片技术和指甲油印迹法,观测了不同品系橡胶树叶片栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度等叶片结构特征。结果表明:‘南华1’、‘红星1’以及‘热研917’品系的栅栏组织结构厚度、叶片厚度,栅栏组织与海绵组织的比值等较高;‘热垦628’、‘热研106’与‘热研917’的气孔长度,气孔宽度和气孔密度相对较小,推测具有较强的光合能力和一定的抗旱能力。采用系统聚类将上述品种进行分成2类,其中,‘南华1’,‘红星1’,‘海垦1’,‘热研917’品系的叶片厚度,栅栏组织,组织结构致密度相对较高。综上,‘南华1’,‘红星1’,‘热研917’品系叶片厚度,栅栏组织,组织结构致密度较高,气孔小而密,推测其有更好的光合性能。In order to understand the anatomical traits of leaves among rubber clones of Hevea brasiliensis in China and provide basis for breeding and adaptability evaluation of clones with high photosynthetic efficiency,21 main Hevea clones in China,such as‘Reyan 73397’,‘Reyan 917’,etc.,were used for anatomical analysis,and their leaf structural traits such as the ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness,leaf thickness,stomatal density,etc.,were observed by using paraffin sectioning and nail polish imprinting.The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf structural traits among the main clones.The clones‘Nanhua 1’,‘Hongxing 1’and‘Reyan 917’were higher in palisade tissue thickness,leaf thickness and ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue,whereas the clones‘Reyan 879’,‘Reken 628’and‘Reyan 106’were relatively lower in stomatal length,stomatal width and stomatal density,which suggested that they had a higher photosynthetic capacity and certain drought resistance ability.Hierarchical clustering showed the aforesaid clones were divided into two groups.The clones‘Nanhua 1’,‘Hongxing 1’,‘Haiken 1’and‘Reyan 917’were relatively higher in leaf thickness,palisade tissue and density of the tissue structure.In summary,clones‘Nanhua 1’,‘Hongxing 1’and‘Reyan 917’were higher in leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,density of tissue structure,and were small and dense in stomata.It is hence speculated that these three clones have higher photosynthetic performance,which needs further research.At the same time,this analysis also provides a technical basis for further study of the environmental adaptability and gas exchange characteristics of the above-mentioned clones.

关 键 词：橡胶树 叶片解剖 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]