1971-2022年河南省水汽压与能见度的时空分布及其关联  

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Water Vapor Pressure and Visibility with Their Correlation in Henan Province During 1971-2022

作　　者：席世平 夏依聪 王宗明 竹磊磊 肖瑶[1,2] 王纪军 Xi Shiping;Xia Yicong;Wang Zongming;Zhu Leilei;Xiao Yao;Wang Jijun(CMA·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Meteorological Service Center,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Climate Center,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450003 [2]河南省气象服务中心,郑州450003 [3]河南省气候中心,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2024年第3期8-13,共6页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室应用技术研究基金项目(KL202407、KM202011);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201911);2022年度河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目(222103810087);2024年度河南省科技攻关项目(242102320067)。

摘　　要：为探究河南省水汽压和能见度的时空分布特征和相关性,利用1971-2022年河南省118个国家级气象站的日最高水汽压和日最小能见度数据,分析了河南省年平均最高水汽压和最小能见度的时空变化特征及二者的相关性。结果表明:(1)年平均最高水汽压呈显著上升趋势,其气候倾向率达0.25 hPa/10a;最高水汽压在1998年发生由低到高的突变;豫中南、豫东及豫北水汽压上升最为显著;最高水汽压变化幅度大值区主要位于豫中南大部、豫西南部分县市。(2)年平均最小能见度呈显著下降趋势,其气候倾向率为-0.56 km/10a;最小能见度在2014年出现下降突变;豫西、豫西南、豫北部分县市及商丘、信阳局部能见度下降显著,变化幅度较大。(3)河南省大部分地区年平均最高水汽压与最小能见度存在显著的负相关(区域平均相关系数约为-0.41),水汽压升高(降低)易引起能见度降低(升高)。To investigate the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and correlation of water vapor pressure(WVP)and visibility in Henan Province,the spatio-temporal variation of annual average maximum WVP and minimum visibility and the correlation between the two are analyzed by using the daily maximum WVP and daily minimum visibility data from 118 national weather stations in Henan during 19712022.The results show that:(1)The annual average maximum WVP displays a distinct rising trend,with an increase rate of 0.25 hPa/decade.The maximum WVP experienced a low-to-high mutation in 1998.The most pronounced rise in maximum WVP occurs in the south-central,eastern and northern parts of Henan,and the maximum variation range of WVP is mainly located in south-central and southwestern Henan.(2)The annual average minimum visibility shows a pronounced decline trend,with a decrease rate of 0.56 km/decade.The minimum visibility declined sharply in 2014.Spatially,the annual average minimum visibility has decreased noticeably in western and southwestern Henan,part of northern Henan,as well as in some regions of Shangqiu and Xinyang,where the visibility varied greatly.(3)A remarkable negative correlation is found between the annual average maximum WVP and the minimum visibility in most parts of Henan,and the regional average correlation coefficient is approximately-0.41.The increase(decrease)of the WVP tends to induce a decline(rise)in visibility.

关 键 词：最高水汽压 最小能见度 时空分布 相关性分析 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P427.2P468