裂纹故障下的行星轮系唯象建模及其故障诊断  

Phenomenological Modelling and Fault Diagnosis of Planetary Gear Systems with a Tooth Crack

作　　者：刘宗尧 毛世祥 王亚东 朱文良 刘保国[1,2] 刘士华 Liu Zongyao;Mao Shixiang;Wang Yadong;Zhu Wenliang;Liu Baoguo;Liu Shihua(Henan Key Laboratory of Super Hard Abrasives and Grinding Equipment,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Electromechanical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学河南省超硬磨料磨削装备重点实验室,河南郑州450001 [2]河南工业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《机械传动》2024年第7期19-29,共11页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52005156,52205146);河南工业大学高层次人才基金项目(2020BS024);河南省超硬磨料磨削装备重点实验室开放课题(JDKFJJ2022007)。

摘　　要：故障机制是故障诊断的基础,动态建模是研究故障机制的重要手段。现有的行星轮系动态建模主要包括动力学建模和唯象建模两方面。动力学建模难度大,且更多关注单个零部件的动力学特性;唯象建模则从宏观层面对系统特性进行描述。因此,建立行星轮系振动唯象模型,对行星轮系故障机制研究大有裨益。齿根裂纹是行星轮系中常见的故障类型之一。为此,建立了行星轮系正常与裂纹故障下的振动唯象模型,基于冲击动力学理论,计算了轮齿进入啮合时的啮合冲击力及其对动载因数的影响;在此基础上,建立了考虑啮合冲击影响的行星轮系振动唯象模型,得到了正常、太阳轮裂纹、行星轮裂纹等不同健康状态下的振动唯象模型响应;采用均方根、峭度等统计指标对模型响应进行分析,对比了各项统计指标在反映裂纹故障状态时的敏感性。结果表明,峭度可以作为有效反映行星轮系裂纹故障的指标之一。Fault mechanism is the basis of fault diagnosis,and modelling is an important means to investigate the fault mechanism.The existing research on modelling of planetary gear systems mainly includes the dynamic modelling and the phenomenological modelling.The dynamic modelling is difficult to be established and mainly focuses on dynamic characteristics of a single component.The phenomenological modelling can describe a system from a macroscopic perspective,which is beneficial for the fault diagnosis of planetary gear systems.Root crack is a common fault type in planetary gear systems.In this study,phenomenological modelling of vibration signals of planetary gear systems under normal and cracked conditions are established.Firstly,based on the theory of impact dynamics,the meshing impact force when the gear tooth enters into meshing is calculated,and its effect on the dynamic load factor is simulated.Secondly,phenomenological modelling of vibration signals considering the meshing impact is established,and model responses of planetary gear systems under different health conditions including normal,cracked sun gears and cracked planet gears are obtained.Finally,the model responses are analyzed using the statistical indexes such as root mean square and kurtosis,etc.,and the sensitivity of each statistical index in reflecting the crack fault is compared.The comparison results show that the kurtosis can be used as one of the effective indexes to reflect the tooth root crack in planetary gear systems.

关 键 词：故障机制 行星轮系 故障诊断 齿根裂纹 唯象建模 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]