日本外务省的对美缓和外交与重释《九国公约》  

The MOFA of Japan's Detente Diplomacy Toward the U.S.and Reinterpretation of The Nine-Power Pact

作　　者：蔡百松 Cai Baisong(Jilin University,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2024年第3期93-106,共14页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：“九一八事变”后,为避免因日军侵略中国东北而遭到国际外交孤立,日本外务省以继续在“满”尊重“门户开放”为宣传口径,展开对美缓和外交行动。同时,由于日本在“满”获得远超国联成员国的经济利益,严重违背《九国公约》而受到以美国为首的西方各国指责,因此外务省试图重新解释《九国公约》,以期在其框架内构建“日本在满优势合法”的话语体系。在实际操作过程中,外务省表面宣称尊重“门户开放”,而暗中却落实“机会不均等”原则。美国国务院受制于国内经济萧条压力及国际环境影响,在涉及“门户开放”问题的对日交涉过程中处于被动,外务省一再表示尊重《九国公约》体系的外交承诺,却在未来赋予美方作为公约主导国地位方面重新取得外交主动权。日本外务省透支外交信用的行为终将随着铁证如山的侵略事实而得到清算,同时其外交斡旋活动也无法长期掩盖侵略的本质。After the"September 18 Incident",Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs(MOFA)launched a diplomatic campaign of detente towards the United States,with the propaganda slogan of continuing to uphold the"Open Door"policy in northeastern China.MOFA at that time tried to reinterpret the Nine-Power Pact in order to secure benefits in China that far exceeded those of other countries.In the actual implementation process,MOFA claimed to respect the"Open Door"principles on the surface,but secretly implemented the principle of"Unequal Opportunities".The U.S.Department of State,constrained by both the domestic and international environment,assumed a passive stance in the process of negotiating with Japan on related issues.However,the MOFA's stated commitment to the Nine-Power Pact empowered the US State Department to regain the diplomatic initiative in the future.The MOFA's good offices activities during this period were an expression of Japan's attempts to usurp China's territorial sovereignty.

关 键 词：日本外务省 缓和外交 门户开放 九一八事变 九国公约 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]