平泉史学中皇国史观与实证史学的思想“融合”——以平泉澄的建武新政论为中心  

The Ideological Fusion of Emperor-centered Historiography and Positivism Historiography in Hiraizumi Kiyoshi's History Writing:Focusing on Hiraizumi Kiyoshi's Theory of the Kenmu Restoration

作　　者：陈宇 Chen Yu(Nankai University,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2024年第3期107-116,共10页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“多维视角下的日本现代化专题研究”(项目批准号:22JJD770040)的阶段研究成果;项目主持人:刘岳兵。

摘　　要：平泉澄是昭和时代日本史学界著名的皇国史观学者,他在自己的建武新政论中利用严谨实证来支撑国粹主义论点,展现出了实证史学和皇国史观相融合的奇异形态。二者相结合的深层逻辑在于:平泉澄在克罗齐史学理论的影响下消解了实证史学独立存在的价值,在此基础上,他构建了一套以复活忠臣明君的“日本精神”为目的、以史家个人主观为尺度、以实证研究为辅助工具的史学方法论。在这套方法论下,实证史学成为了皇国史观的附庸。平泉史学中皇国史观与实证史学的融合,本质上是思想性与主体性薄弱的实证史学屈从于君臣名分论的具体表现,这也是近代日本史学在思想上的必然归结。Hiraizumi Kiyoshi was a prominent scholar representing the emperor-centered historiography in the Japanese historiography of the Showa-era.He used rigorous empirical evidence to support the doctrine of nationalism in his theory of the Kenmu Restoration,showing a peculiar fusion of positivism historiography and emperor-centered historiography.The underlying rationale behind this combination of the two lies in the fact that Hiraizumi Kiyoshi,under the influence of B.Croce's historical theory,dissolved the value of independence in the positivism historiography,and on this basis,he formulated a historical methodology aimed at revitalizing the"Japanese spirit"of loyal subjects and rulers,using the historian's personal subjectivity as a benchmark and positivist historiography as a supplementary tool.Under this methodology,the positivism historiography became a subordinate to the emperor-centered historiography.The fusion of the emperor-centered historiography and the positivism historiography in Hiraizumi's history writing is essentially a concrete manifestation of the ideological and subjectively weak positivism historiography's subjugation to the theory of the rule of the relationship between monarch and courtiers,which was the inevitable ideological destination of modern Japanese historiography.

关 键 词：平泉澄 平泉史学 建武新政 皇国史观 实证史学 

分 类 号：K093.13[历史地理—历史学]