大冶铁矿高阶段并段开采结构参数稳定性研究  

Stability of structural parameters of high stage combination mining in Daye iron mine

作　　者：石劲 张欢 梅林芳[1] 宋卫东 SHI Jin;ZHANG Huan;MEI Linfang;SONG Weidong(Wuhan Iron and Steel Resources Group,Daye Iron Mine Co.,Ltd.,Huangshi Hubei 435100,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]武钢资源集团大冶铁矿有限公司,湖北黄石435100 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [3]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《有色金属（矿山部分）》2024年第4期36-42,53,共8页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974012)。

摘　　要：目的:针对大冶铁矿随着采深的降低矿石储量逐渐减小的问题,将-450 m中段及-540 m中段进行并段开采是解决深部开采开拓工程量大、投资高的有效途径,充填法高阶段并段开采的可行性和安全性都有待进行探索及研究。为保证大冶铁矿高阶段并段开采安全高效进行,基于工程地质条件和岩体质量分级结果,开展了大冶铁矿采场高阶段并段开采结构参数优化研究。方法:基于Q系统岩体分级的采场最大无支护跨度计算方法,引入矿岩质量指标,分析矿山各个巷道开采安全要求和断面尺寸,合理确定相应的采场结构参数,计算得到采场最大允许安全跨度。针对高阶段并段开采扰动对上覆岩层的影响,利用FLAC 3D有限元模拟软件对采场高度为105、120、135 m三种方案分别进行了数值模拟研究,得到了不同开采方案下采场顶底板位移变化值和应力分布规律。结果:当阶段高度不超过120 m时,最大位移出现在顶底板中部且变形较小,出现塑性破坏区较少,能保证矿山安全开采。当采场高度达到135 m时,充填体两侧出现拉应力,采场两侧充填体位移量较大,超过采场稳定性。结论:1)结合“Q系统岩体分级的采场最大无支护跨度计算”方法,综合考虑岩体完整性、节理特征、地下水和地应力等因素的影响,确定大冶铁矿高阶段并段开采极限跨度为20 m。2)基于FLAC 3D数值模拟软件,针对三种采场阶段高度一步骤和二步骤回采前后应力场、位移场和塑性区对比分析,确定采场高度不宜超过120 m。意义:研究结果以期为大冶铁矿高阶段并段安全开采合理的采场结构参数优化提供依据,并为国内外同类矿山高阶段开采采场结构参数设计提供参考。Purpose:As the mining depth decreases,the reserves of ore in Daye iron mine gradually decrease.The effective way to solve the problems of large engineering quantity and high investment in deep mining development is to carry out the combination mining of the-450 m and-540 m levels.The feasibility and safety of high-level combination mining by filling method need to be explored and studied.To ensure the safety and efficiency of high-stage combination mining in Daye iron mine,based on engineering geological conditions and rock mass quality classification results,a study on optimization of structural parameters of high-stage combination mining in Daye iron mine was carried out.Method:On the basis of using the calculation method of the maximum unsupported span of the stope based on Q system rock mass classification and the introduction of ore and rock quality indexes,the maximum allowable safety span value of the stope can be calculated after analyzing the mining safety requirements and section size of each roadway of the mine and reasonably determining the corresponding stope structure parameters.In view of the impact of high-stage combination mining disturbance on the overlying rock formation,FLAC 3D simulation software was used to conduct numerical simulation research on three schemes with stope heights of 105 m,120 m,and 135 m.The displacement change values and stress distribution patterns of the stope roof and floor under different mining schemes were obtained.Result:When the stage height does not exceed 120 m,the maximum displacement occurs in the middle of the roof and floor plates and the deformation is small,resulting in less plastic damage areas,which can ensure safe mining of the mine.When the stope height reaches 135 m,tensile stress appears on both sides of the cement tailing backfill,and the displacement of the filling on both sides of the stope is large,exceeding the stope stability.Conclusion:The results show that:1)Combined with the″Calculation of Maximum Unsupported Span of Stopes for Q System Rock

关 键 词：高阶段开采 数值模拟 采场结构参数 二步骤回采 参数优化 稳定性 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]