饲用小黑麦品种(系)生产性能和饲用品质的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Production Performance and Feeding Quality of Forage Triticale Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：刁玉虹 姚晓华[1,2] 谢德庆 姚有华[1,2] Diao Yuhong;Yao Xiaohua;Xie Deqing;Yao Youhua(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining,810016;Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院,青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第14期4657-4670,共14页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：青海省科技成果转化专项(2020-NK-128)资助。

摘　　要：为解决青海高原优质饲草料生产中可利用的优良饲用小黑麦品种缺乏的现实问题,本研究选用6个新育成的饲用小黑麦品种(系),设置5个代表性生态区,测定和分析5个生态区下6个饲用小黑麦品种(系)在生育期、株高、产量因素、乳熟期鲜干草产量、成熟期籽粒产量、干草和籽粒饲用营养品质等性状的差异,并利用稳定性、适应性分析和主成分分析,对参试品种(系)进行综合评价和分析排序。结果表明:在6个参试品种(系)中,QSM-3、QSM-4和QSM-5这3个品种生育期少于155 d,株高适宜,产量构成因素合理,鲜干草和籽粒生产性能优良,饲用品质好,在不同生态区的稳定性和适应性好,在5个主成分综合评价和排名中综合表现优良。本研究结果可为青海农牧交错区优良饲用小黑麦品种的选择和利用提供理论依据和品种支撑。In order to solve the practical problem of the deficiency of available good forage triticale varieties in the production of high quality forage on the Qinghai Plateau,we selected six new breeding feeding triticale varieties(lines)and planted them in 5 representative ecology regions for investigating their production performance and feeding quality,such as the growth period,plant height,yield factors,fresh hay yield during the milk stage,grain yield in maturation stage,and the feeding nutritional quality of the hay and grain.According to the determination index,the tested varieties(lines)were comprehensively evaluated and analysis ranking by using the analysis of stability,adaptability and principal component.The results showed that among 6 tested varieties(lines),three varieties of QSM-3,QSM-4 and QSM-5 had the fertility period of less than 155 days,suitable plant height,reasonable yield components,high production of fresh hay and grain,good feeding quality,favourable stability and strong adaptability in different ecological areas,and were the successful candidates through the comprehensive evaluation and ranking of 5 principal components of 32 determination index.This study could provide theoretical basis and breeding support for the selection and utilization of good forage triticale varieties in the agro-pastoral zone in Qinghai.

关 键 词：饲用小黑麦 不同生态区 生产性能 饲用品质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]