芋资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Colocasia esculenta(L.)Schott.Germplasm Resources

作　　者：汪端华[1] 杨建国[1] 李倩 王鑫 吴双花 Wang Duanhua;Yang Jianguo;Li Qian;Wang Xin;Wu Shuanghua(Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,413000)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院南省蔬菜研究所,长沙413000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第14期4754-4766,共13页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：湖南农业科技创新资金项目(2020CX21);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;科技部、财政部:国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NHGRC2020-NHC03)共同资助。

摘　　要：为研究芋资源的遗传多样性,对湖南收集的67份芋资源的28个表型性状进行了多样性分析、主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析。结果表明:在调查的17个质量性状中,芋变异不大,大部分表现为叶箭形锐尖,叶姿杯状,叶面褶皱,叶缘紫红色,叶斑黄色或黄绿色,叶心有紫红色色斑,叶基弯缺为锐尖,叶柄紫红色,不开花,母芋肉质色淡黄色。在调查的11个数量性状中,变异系数在17.01%~139.39%之间,其中子芋孙芋质量变异系数最大。对11个数量性状进行主成分分析,发现影响最大的主要是与叶大小相关的数量性状。在与植株相关的性状中,后裂片长度与叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶鞘长度、叶柄长度、母芋纵茎、母芋、横茎、母芋总质量呈极显著正相关。67份资源通过聚类分析基本分为三类,第Ⅰ类含30份资源,基本为母芋较大,子孙芋数量较少的类型;第Ⅱ类包含25份资源,为子孙芋数量较多的类型;第Ⅲ类包含11份资源,为母芋大小一般,子孙芋含量也不多的类型,如广禾。本研究结果为芋种质资源的创制和利用提供了一定科学依据。In order to study the genetic diversity of taro resources,the diversity analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were performed in 67 taro resources with 28 phenotypic traits from Hunan Province.The results showed as follows:among the 17 quality traits investigated,no huge variation was detected in 67 taro resources.Most taro resources had arrow and cupshaped leaves,folds on the leaf surface,purple-red leaf margins,yellow or yellow-green leaf spots,and purple-red color at the center of the leaf spot,curved and sharp leaf base,petiole of purplish red,no flower,light yellow corm color.For the 11 quantitative traits,the coefficient of variation ranged from 17.01%to 139.39%,and the largest coefficient of variation was detected from the mass of the first and second grade cormels.In the principal component analysis of the 11 quantitative traits,it was found that the most influential factors were quantitative traits related to leaf size.In the correlation analysis of the traits related to plants,the length ofcaudal lobe was significantly and positively correlated with leaf length,leaf width,sheath length,petiole length,corm length,corm width,total corm mass.The 67 resources were basically divided into three categories by cluster analysis.The first category contains 30 resources,which are basically the type with larger corm and a small number of first and second grade cormels.The second category contains 25 resources,which are the type with large number of first and second grade cormels.The third category,containing 11 resources,is a type with a small corm and small number of first and second grade cormels,such as Guanghe.The results of this study provide a basis for the creation and utilization of taro germplasm resources.

关 键 词：芋 湖南 遗传多样性 种质资源 表型性状 

分 类 号：S632.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]