Association of education with cholelithiasis and mediating effects of cardiometabolic factors:A Mendelian randomization study  

作　　者：Chang-Lei Li Yu-Kun Liu Ying-Ying Lan Zu-Sen Wang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000,Shandong Province,China [2]Department of Oncology Medicine,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266002,Shandong Province,China

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2024年第20期4272-4288,共17页世界临床病例杂志

摘　　要：BACKGROUND Education,cognition,and intelligence are associated with cholelithiasis occurrence,yet which one has a prominent effect on cholelithiasis and which cardiometabolic risk factors mediate the causal relationship remain unelucidated.AIM To explore the causal associations between education,cognition,and intelligence and cholelithiasis,and the cardiometabolic risk factors that mediate the associations.METHODS Applying genome-wide association study summary statistics of primarily European individuals,we utilized two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization to estimate the independent effects of education,intelligence,and cognition on cholelithiasis and cholecystitis(FinnGen study,37041 and 11632 patients,respectively;n=486484 participants)and performed two-step Mendelian randomization to evaluate 21 potential mediators and their mediating effects on the relationships between each exposure and cholelithiasis.RESULTS Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization results from the FinnGen consortium showed that genetically higher education,cognition,or intelligence were not independently associated with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis;when adjusted for cholelithiasis,higher education still presented an inverse effect on cholecystitis[odds ratio:0.292(95%CI:0.171-0.501)],which could not be induced by cognition or intelligence.Five out of 21 cardiometabolic risk factors were perceived as mediators of the association between education and cholelithiasis,including body mass index(20.84%),body fat percentage(40.3%),waist circumference(44.4%),waist-to-hip ratio(32.9%),and time spent watching television(41.6%),while time spent watching television was also a mediator from cognition(20.4%)and intelligence to cholelithiasis(28.4%).All results were robust to sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSION Education,cognition,and intelligence all play crucial roles in the development of cholelithiasis,and several cardiometabolic mediators have been identified for prevention of cholelithiasis due to defects in each exposure.

关 键 词：CHOLELITHIASIS Mendelian randomization Mediation analysis Education attainment Cardiometabolic risk factors COGNITION INTELLIGENCE 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]