省直管县财政改革能否缩小市县间基本公共服务差距?  

Does Province-Managing-County Fiscal Reform Narrow the Basic Public Service Gaps Between Cities and Counties?

作　　者：缪小林 张静 王科斌[4] MIAO Xiao-lin;ZHANG Jing;WANG Ke-bin(School of Public Finance and Management,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Economics,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Logistics and Management Engineering,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Economics,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学财政与公共管理学院,云南昆明650221 [2]云南财经大学经济学院,云南昆明650221 [3]云南财经大学物流与管理工程学院,云南昆明650221 [4]云南大学经济学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《财经问题研究》2024年第7期48-59,共12页Research On Financial and Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“增强公共服务均衡性和可及性研究”(23AZD055)。

摘　　要：充分发挥省直管县财政改革促进地方基本公共服务的均衡性,提高政策实施的精准性和有效性,需要关注市级政府因辖区自然禀赋差异产生的支持行为差异。本文以医疗卫生公共服务和基础教育公共服务为研究对象,基于2003—2020年中国县级样本数据,采用多期双重差分模型评估省直管县财政改革对市县间基本公共服务差距的影响。研究发现:省直管县财政改革显著缩小了市县间基本公共服务差距,其主要通过激发县域经济发展活力和提升县级转移支付获取能力实现。进一步分析发现,地形起伏度直接影响市级政府对市区和县域公共服务资源配置的偏向性。基于地形起伏度的分组检验发现,省直管县财政改革对市县间基本公共服务差距的缩小作用主要体现在地形起伏度较大的山区县域。本文的研究结论表明,地形起伏度较大的山区县域更缺乏市级政府对县级发展的支持,这为当前中国因地制宜、优化省直管县财政改革提供了理论依据。Promoting the province-managing-county fiscal reform by local conditions is an important institutional guarantee for fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of governments at all levels below the provincial level,enhancing the ability of county and township grass-roots governments to guarantee public services,and narrowing the gaps in basic public services between cities and counties.This paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework with the main line of“provincial fiscal management mode→municipal fiscal support behavior→basic public service gaps between cities and counties”.This paper takes healthcare hygiene public service and basic education public service as the research objects.And based on the national county-level sample data from 2003 to 2020,this paper adopts a multi-period DID model to assess the impact of the province-managing-county fiscal reform on the basic public service gaps between cities and counties.The paper finds that:First,the province-managing-county fiscal reform significantly reduces the gap in basic public services in ealthcare hygienepublic and basic education between cities and counties,and the above results still hold after robustness tests.Second,the mechanism analysis shows that the province-managing-county fiscal reform significantly enhances the vitality of the county-level economy and the ability to obtain county-level transfer payments,both of which can effectively narrow the gap in the basic public services between cities and counties.This fully verifies the role of the municipal governments support for the development of counties.Third,the grouping test shows that in the group with higher degree of topographic relief,the province-managing-county fiscal reform significantly reduces the basic public service gap between cities and counties;on the contrary,in the group with lower degree of topographic relief,this role is not significant.It also finds that the higher the degree of topographic relief of a county,the weaker of the aggregation ability of its population,industry,a

关 键 词：省直管县 财政改革 公共服务差距 地形起伏度 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学]