浮动式反应堆事故气载放射性多舱输运仿真分析  

Simulation and Analysis of the Multi-cabin Airborne Radioactivity Transport during LOCA of the Floating Reactor

作　　者：刘哲 杨亚鹏[1,2] 李国强 冯宗洋[1,2] LIU Zhe;YANG Yapeng;LI Guoqiang;FENG Zongyang(China Institute for radiation protection,Shanxi of Taiyuan Prov.030000,China;CNNC Key Laboratory for Radiation Protection Technology,Shanxi of Taiyuan Prov.030000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030000 [2]中核辐射防护技术重点实验室,山西太原030000

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2024年第2期453-463,共11页Nuclear Science and Engineering

摘　　要：浮动式反应堆受限于特殊的使用环境容易发生事故,事故后气载放射性会在舱室之间传递影响可居留性。为详细分析其事故后气载放射性在舱室之间的传递过程,利用计算流体力学方法开展了破口事故下气载放射性从堆舱中向邻舱的输运过程,对比分析了采取堆舱排风及机舱排风对气载放射性输运的控制效果。结果表明:堆舱放射性泄漏后,气载放射性经泄漏口进入机舱,局部浓度相异;排风系统在舱室内形成局部循环流,使气载放射性汇于主流经排风口排出舱室。堆舱循环流在压力容器与泄漏口之间形成气幕,阻止气载放射性迁移;机舱循环流会在泄漏口机舱侧产生指向机舱的速度,加强气载放射性向机舱的迁移。同时采用堆舱及机舱排风在排风时间达到180 s时可使机舱气载放射性浓度相比无通风情况下降92.5%。Due to the special operating environment,floating reactors are prone to accidents.After the accident,the airborne radioactivity will be transferred between compartments and affect the habitability.In order to analyze the transfer process of the airborne radioactivity between compartments after the accident and control it,the transport of the airborne radioactivity from the reactor compartment to the adjacent compartment during LOCA were carried out by using the computational fluid dynamics method,and the control effect of adopting reactor cabin ventilation and engine room ventilation is analyzed.The results show that:after the loss of coolant accident of the reactor compartment,the airborne radioactivity enters the engine compartment through the leakage hole of the shielding wall,and the local concentration is different;the ventilation system forms a local circulating flow in the cabin,which makes the airborne radioactivity converges into the mainstream and discharge from the cabin through the exhaust port.The circulating flow of the reactor cabin forms an air curtain between the pressure vessel and the leakage port to prevent the transport of the airborne radioactivity;the circulating flow of the engine room will generate a speed directed towards the engine room at the engine room side of the leakage opening,enhancing the transport of the airborne radioactivity to the engine room.When the ventilation mode of the reactor cabin and the engine room is adopted simultaneously,the airborne radioactivity concentration in the engine room can be reduced by 92.5%compared with that without ventilation when the ventilation time reaches 180 s.

关 键 词：浮动式反应堆破口事故 计算流体力学 精细模拟 气载放射性 多舱输运 

分 类 号：U664.156[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]