2019—2022年湖北省狂犬病疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of adverse events following immunization to rabies vaccine in Hubei province from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：邓少勇 李宁[2] 骆金俊 王雷[2] DENG Shaoyong;LI Ning;LUO Jinjun;WANG Lei(Xiangzhou County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiangyang,Hubei 441100,China;Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]襄州区疾病预防控制中心,湖北襄阳441100 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2024年第3期137-142,148,共7页Applied Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2019—2022年湖北省狂犬病疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse events following immunization,AEFI)监测情况,评价相关疫苗安全性。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”和“湖北省免疫规划信息系统”收集2019—2022年湖北省狂犬病疫苗接种后AEFI个案信息以及狂犬病疫苗接种情况,描述性分析AEFI发生特征和报告发生率。结果2019—2022年湖北省共报告狂犬病疫苗AEFI个案2308例,年均报告发生率为22.00/10万剂;不同年份报告发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=452.92,P<0.01)。所有AEFI个案中,一般反应、异常反应分别占96.23%、3.16%;严重AEFI、非严重AEFI报告发生率分别为0.14/10万剂、21.86/10万剂。各市(州)均有AEFI报告(仅2021年鄂州市为零报告),报告总例数居前3位的分别是荆州市、宜昌市和襄阳市。报告的AEFI中,男、女性别比为1.02∶1;2~6岁儿童占47.44%;第2、3季度报告例数较多,占比分别为35.79%、32.63%。96.92%的AEFI个案接种后至发生AEFI时间间隔≤1 d。不同制作工艺类型狂犬病疫苗AEFI报告发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=238.92,P<0.01)。冻干狂犬病疫苗(Vero细胞)的AEFI报告发生率高于其他3种狂犬病疫苗。结论2019—2022年湖北省狂犬病疫苗AEFI报告发生率呈波动下降,报告的AEFI以一般反应为主,非严重AEFI为罕见,严重AEFI为十分罕见,安全性良好。Objective To analyze the monitoring situation of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)to rabies vaccine in Hubei province from 2019 to 2022,and to evaluate the safety of relevant vaccine.Methods Information on AEFI cases and rabies vaccination status after rabies vaccination in Hubei province from 2019 to 2022 was collected through the“Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System”and the“Hubei Immunization Programme Information System”,and descriptive analysis of AEFI occurrence characteristics and reported incidence rates were conducted.Results A total of 2308 cases of rabies vaccine AEFI were reported in Hubei province from 2019 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence of 22.00/100000.There was a statistically significant difference in reported incidence rates among different years(χ^(2)=452.92,P<0.01).Among all AEFI cases,general reactions and abnormal reactions accounted for 96.23%and 3.16%,respectively.The reported incidence rates of severe AEFI and non-severe AEFI were 0.14/100000 doses and 21.86/100000,respectively.All cities(prefectures)had AEFI reports(except for Ezhou city which had zero reports in 2021),with Jingzhou city,Yichang city,and Xiangyang city ranking among the top three in terms of total reported cases.Among the reported AEFI,the male to female ratio was 1.02∶1,children aged 2 to 6 account for 47.44%,and more cases reported in the second and third quarters,accounting for 35.79%and 32.63%,respectively.The time interval between vaccination and AEFI occurrence was≤1 day in 96.92%of AEFI cases.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of AEFI reports for rabies vaccines with different production process types(χ^(2)=238.92,P<0.01).The AEFI reporting rate of freeze-dried rabies vaccine(Vero cells)was higher than the other three rabies vaccines.Conclusions From 2019 to 2022,the reported incidence of rabies vaccine AEFI in Hubei province shows a fluctuating decrease.The reported AEFIs were mainly general reactions,non-severe AEFIs wer

关 键 词：狂犬病疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI) 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]