锂离子电池Si/C复合负极材料的倍率性能研究进展  

Review on research of rate perform ance of Si/C composite anode for lithium-ion battery

作　　者：谭婷 梁帆 杨乐之 习小明[1] 涂飞跃 王力 陈涛 王双 彭青姣 Tan Ting;Liang Fan;Yang Le-zhi;Xi Xiao-ming;Tu Fei-yue;Wang Li;Chen Tao;Wang Shuang;Peng Qing-jiao(Changsha Research Insitute of Min ing and Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Huna n Changsha 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《炭素技术》2024年第3期9-14,共6页Carbon Techniques

摘　　要：锂离子电池(LIBs)因具备寿命长、能量密度高、自放电率低等优点广泛应用于新能源电动汽车、移动电子设备、航天航空、清洁储能等领域。但传统的商业石墨负极材料的理论容量仅为372 mAh·g^(-1),已经无法满足对锂离子电池高容量的需求。Si基负极材料具有高比容量(4200 mAh·g^(-1))、资源丰富、制备工艺简单等特点,被认为是替代石墨的理想负极材料。但是Si的导电性差,在充放电过程中存在巨大的体积效应限制了硅负极的发展。而Si/C复合负极材料能很好地综合两者的优势,形成结构稳定,导电性能好的负极材料。本文从Si/C复合负极材料倍率性能的影响因素、Si/C负极的改性进展以及解决方案等方面综述了Si/C复合负极材料的最新研究进展,以期为Si/C复合负极材料的设计提供新思路。Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been widely applied in fields such as electric vehicles,mobile electronic devices,space flight and aviation due to their long cycle life,high energy density,and low self-discharge rate.However,the theoretical specific capacity of traditional graphite anodes,which is only 372 mAh·g^(-1),cannot meet the requirements for high-capacity LIBs.Silicon-based anode materials with high specific capacity(4200 mAh·g^(-1)),abundant resources,and simple preparation technology are expected to replace graphite as the next generation of anode materials.However,the development of silicon anode material has been limited by low electrical conductivity and enormous volume expansion during the charge/discharge processes.Nevertheless,Si/C composite materials can combine the advantages of both materials,forming a stable structure and excellent electrical conductivity anode material.This article reviews recent research progress on Si/C composite anode materials,including the influence factors for high-rate Si/C materials,modi-fication progress and solutions to enhance the performance of Si/C composite anode material.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 硅负极 负极材料 倍率性能 Si/C复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM911.15[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]