强人工智能体审判主体地位的困境检视与有限确立——兼论二元化主体模型构建  

Dilemma Review on the Subject Position of Strong AI in Judicial Trials and Its Limited Establishment:A Concurrent Analysis on the Construction of Dualistic Subject Model

作　　者：李梦韬 何潇 LI Mengtao;HE Xiao(School of Marxism,Geely University of China,Chengdu 641423,Sichuan,China;Health Administration of Longquanyi District,Chengdu Municipality,Chengdu 610100,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]吉利学院马克思主义学院,四川成都641423 [2]成都市龙泉驿区卫生健康局,四川成都610100

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期20-27,共8页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：四川省高等学校思想政治教育研究会思想政治理论课研究分会(民办本科高校专项)思想政治教育课题“产教协同下‘三线精神’与新工科民办高校‘形策’课融合研究”(MBBKGX2023031)。

摘　　要：当前人工智能主要以“辅助”的功能应用于司法审判当中,有效保障法官在具体案件中的独立性、中立性以及对案件的专业把握。但也应当思考,当进入强人工智能时代,若赋予强人工智能体法官主体地位,凸显其独立审判地位能确实有效地促进司法公正、提高司法审判效率。新的问题随之衍生,主要表现在伦理上难以得到当事人与社会公众认可,技术上难以保正强人工智能“法官”的裁决兼具情理,并且在司法实践中难以协调人类法官与人工智能“法官”的关系。故而,通过构造二元化主体模型,确认强人工智能体“类法官”地位,赋予其有限的审判权力,协调人类法官与强人工智能“法官”关系,既能明确如何确定强人工智能体的审判主体地位,同时能回避突出矛盾,进而提高司法效率,促进司法公正的目标向实现进一步迈进。Presently,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is mainly used in judicial trials with the function of“being an assistant”,which effectively guarantees the independence,neutrality and professional grasp of the judges in specific cases.But it is also worth considering that in the era of Strong AI,if we can effectively promote judicial justice and improve judicial efficiency by entitling strong AI empowered judges the subject status to highlight their independent judicial status,certain new problems would also arise.These problems mainly include the fact that it may be hard for the parties and the public to recognize it ethically;it is difficult to technologically guarantee the adjudication of“Strong AI judge”to be rational;and it is difficult to coordinate the relationship between a human judge and an“AI judge”in judicial practice.Therefore,the dualistic subject model can help to confirm the position of“Strong AI judge”,endowing it with limited judicial power,and coordinating the relationship between human judges and“Strong AI judges”.Accordingly,how to determine the position of Strong AI as the main body of the trial can be clearly determined,and in the meanwhile prominent contradictions can be avoided,thus improving judicial efficiency and further the goal of judicial justice.

关 键 词：智慧法院 强人工智能体 中立性 “类法官”地位 二元化主体模型 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] D926.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]