腹腔镜下左肾静脉外支架植入联合显微镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗胡桃夹综合征合并精索静脉曲张的疗效  

Efficacy of laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy in the treatment of nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele

作　　者：廉靖[1] 吕坤龙 杨帆[1] 孙洋洋[1] 张卫星[1] 王瑞[1] LIAN Jing;LYU Kunong;YANG Fan;SUN Yangyang;ZHANG Weixing;WANG Rui(Department of Andrology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院男科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《现代泌尿外科杂志》2024年第7期627-631,共5页Journal of Modern Urology

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(No.2018020144)。

摘　　要：目的探讨采用腹腔镜下左肾静脉外支架植入联合显微镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗胡桃夹综合征合并精索静脉曲张的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院男科2018年11月—2023年7月收治的50例胡桃夹综合征合并精索静脉曲张患者的临床资料,探讨腹腔镜下左肾静脉外支架植入联合显微镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗胡桃夹综合征合并精索静脉曲张的疗效。结果术后47例患者获得随访,平均年龄(21.45±3.84)岁。手术均顺利完成,所有患者肉眼血尿、蛋白尿、腰腹痛等症状在术后3~7 d缓解。术后随访所有患者均无严重并发症及临床症状复发,左肾静脉超声及计算机断层扫描显示左肾静脉血流恢复通畅,外支架位置稳定。与术前比较,术后6个月患者腹主动脉与肠系膜上动脉的夹角[(44.91±6.59)°vs.(22.58±6.61)°]以及夹角处左肾静脉内径[(6.03±0.99)mm vs.(1.87±0.46)mm]显著增大,夹角处左肾静脉流速显著降低[(48.77±14.79)cm/s vs.(102.53±41.15)cm/s],差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。阴囊超声证实术后随访6个月精索静脉曲张无复发、精索静脉内径显著减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);精子浓度[(60.27±48.45)×10^(6)个/mL vs.(36.57±36.67)×10^(6)个/mL,P=0.032]及快速前向运动精子百分率[(22.54±10.70)vs.(15.01±10.77),P=0.005]显著提高,与术前比较差异有统计学意义。联合手术与单纯左肾静脉外支架植入术对比,术后精子浓度提高数值较高[(23.7±41.48)×10^(6)/mL vs.(6.12±4.97)×10^(6)/mL,P=0.016];精索静脉直径、肾静脉内径、流速等指标两种手术方式比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜下左肾静脉外支架植入联合显微镜下精索静脉结扎术是一种微创、安全、有效治疗胡桃夹综合征合并精索静脉曲张的方法。Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy in the treatment of nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 50 patients with nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele admitted to our hospital during Nov.2018 and Jul.2023.All patients underwent laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy.ResultsAltogether 47 patients were followed up after operation,with a mean age of(21.45±3.84)years.All operations were successful,and gross hematuria,proteinuria,abdominal pain and other symptoms relieved within 3-7 days after surgery.Postoperative follow-up showed that no patients had serious complications or recurence of clinical symptoms.Left renal vein ultrasound and CT showed that the blood flow of the left renal vein was restored,and the stent position was stable.Compared with those before surgery,the angle between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery[(44.91±6.59)vs.(22.58±6.61)] and the diameter of the left renal vein at the angle[(6.03±0.99)mm vs.(1.87±0.46)mm]were significantly increased,and the blood flow velocity of the left renal vein at the angle[(48.77±14.79)cm/s vs.(102.53±41.15)cm/s] was significantly decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).Scrotal ultrasound confirmed that there was no recurrence of varicocele 6 months after surgery,and the diameter of the spermatic vein was significantly reduced,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).Semen analysis showed that the sperm concentration[(60.27±48.45)×10^(6)/mL vs.(36.57±36.67)×10^(6)/mL,P=0.032]and percentageof rapid forward movement of sperm were significantly increased[(22.54±10.70)vs.(15.01±10.77),P=0.005],with statistically significant differences.The increase value of semen concentration[(23.7±41.48)×10^(6)/mL vs.(6.12±4.97)×10^(6)/mL,P=0.016] increased after combined operation co

关 键 词：胡桃夹综合征 精索静脉曲张 血管外支架 微创 精液分析 

分 类 号：R699[医药卫生—泌尿科学]