2014-2022年云南省细菌性痢疾流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of bacterial dysentery in Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2022

作　　者：张荣兵 田荣[2] 何继波[1] 陈莉华[1] ZHANG Rongbing;TIAN Rong;HE Jibo;CHEN Lihua(Epidemic Monitoring/Emergency Public Health Response Center,Yunnan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Kunming 650022,China;Department of Endemic and Parasiticdisease Prevention and Control,Kunming Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Kunming 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心疫情监测/突发公共卫生事件处置中心,昆明650022 [2]昆明市疾病预防控制中心地方病与寄生虫病防制科,昆明650228

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2024年第6期641-645,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题(21JZD039)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省细菌性痢疾(简称菌痢)流行特征,为云南省菌痢防控提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集2014—2022年云南省报告的所有菌痢病例,运用Excel 2019软件作图分析人群特征,采用ArcGIS 10.3软件绘制疫情地区分布图,对各地区发病率与气候特征的相关性进行Spearman相关性检验,运用描述流行病学方法对2014—2022年云南省菌痢流行病学特征进行分析。结果2014—2022年,云南省共计报告菌痢病例30309例,年均发病率为7.03/10万。高发区域呈从西北部至东南部的带状分布,城区发病率为7.36/10万,以学生和儿童为主;郊区发病率为6.93/10万,以农民为主。人群分布中男女比例为0.99∶1.00;以农民和散居儿童较多(72.33%);年龄以0~<10岁最多(40.82%)。发病高峰期为5—7月(37.61%)。病原菌以福氏志贺菌、宋内志贺菌为主。结论云南省菌痢以散发为主,应因地制宜、针对重点人群采取健康教育等综合措施,同时加强重点场所的管理,防止疫情暴发。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Yunnan Province and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of bacillary dysentery in Yunnan Province.Methods All cases of bacillary dysentery reported in Yunnan Province during 2014-2022 were collected from the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System".Excel 2019 software was used to map the population characteristics,ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to map the distribution of epidemic areas,and spearman correlation test was conducted on the correlation between incidence and climate characteristics in each region.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the bacillary dysentery epidemic in Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2022.Results From 2014 to 2022,a total of 30309 cases of bacillary dysentery were reported in Yunnan Province,with an average annual incidence rate of 7.03 per 100000.The high-incidence areas were distributed from northwest to southeast,with an incidence rate of 7.36 per 100000 in urban areas.Students and children were the main cases.The incidence rate in rural areas was 6.93 per 100000,mainly farmers.The ratio of males to females in the population distribution was 0.99%;farmers and scattered children accounted for 72.33%;the age group of 0-<10 years old accounted for the largest proportion,accounting for 40.82%.The peak period of incidence was from May to July,accounting for 37.61%.The main pathogenic bacteria were Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei.Conclusions Bacillary dysentery is mainly sporadic in Yunnan Province.Comprehensive measures such as health education according to local conditions should be taken.At the same time,the management of key places should be strengthened to prevent epidemic outbreaks.

关 键 词：细菌性痢疾 流行病学特征 饮用水安全 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]