贵州青山铅锌矿床中钒的赋存状态研究  

A Study on the Occurrence of Vanadium in the Qingshan Lead Zinc Deposit,Guizhou Province

作　　者：张鑫[1,2] 孟郁苗 黄小文 谢志鹏[3] 孟松宁[1] 李伦 王蓉 ZHANG Xin;MENG Yumiao;HUANG Xiaowen;XIE Zhipeng;MENG Songning;LI Lun;WANG Rong(State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Science,Guiyang Guizhou 550081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Faculty of Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming Yunnan 650000,China;Team 2,Non-Ferrous Metals and Nuclear Industry Geological Exploration Bureau of Guizhou,Liupanshui Guizhou 553004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650000 [4]贵州省有色金属和核工业地质勘查局二总队,贵州六盘水553004

出　　处：《矿物学报》2024年第3期350-365,共16页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(编号:黔科合基础-ZK[2023]重点050);中国科学院“科创计划”项目(编号:20224000250);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42073043);矿床地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金(编号:202301);国家自然基金贵州省后补助经费(GZ2020SIG,GZ2021SIG);中科院百人计划项目。

摘　　要：钒属于战略性关键金属,其成矿作用研究备受关注。贵州省青山铅锌矿床隶属于川滇黔成矿域威宁-水城Pb-Zn-Ag成矿带,分为青山、横塘两个矿区,为中型铅锌矿床。初步研究表明,横塘矿区氧化矿带的矿石中钒异常富集,但其赋存状态未知。为此,本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、粉晶X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等多种手段对该矿床的氧化铅锌矿石、蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩的矿物组合以及化学组成进行了系统分析。结果表明,氧化铅锌矿石、蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩中钒含量分别为11.9×10^(–6)~5 963×10^(–6)、168×10^(–6)和448×10^(–6)~701×10^(–6),相对于平均地壳其富集系数分别为20、1.2和4.1。氧化矿石和蚀变白云岩中的钒皆赋存在独立矿物(钒铅锌矿[Pb Zn(VO4)(OH)])中,而且钒铅锌矿中As含量较高,As以类质同象的形式替代V而进入钒铅锌矿中;蚀变辉绿岩中未发现钒的独立矿物,钒可能主要以类质同象的形式取代锐钛矿/金红石(Ti O2)中的Ti。此外,矿石中的V与Cu、Ni、Mo、Bi四种元素的相关性表明它们可能是共同沉淀进入矿石,有着相似的富集规律。氧化矿石的稀土和微量元素配分模式与蚀变白云岩比较接近,指示二者经历了相似的热液过程。钒是主要来自白云岩的交代淋滤还是与辉绿岩有关的岩浆热液有待进一步研究。本次研究表明铅锌矿床中钒以独立矿物和类质同象的形式分别存在于氧化矿石/蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩中,对铅锌矿石中钒的综合利用具有一定指示意义。Vanadium(V)is a strategic critical metal.Its mineralization research has attracted much attention.The Qingshan lead-zinc deposit in Guizhou Province is located in the Weining-Shuicheng Pb-Zn-Ag metallogenic belt within the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou metallogenic domain.There are the Qingshan and Hengtang ore districts in the deposit which is a medium-sized lead-zinc deposit.Previous preliminary studies showed that V is abnormally enriched in the ore of the oxidized ore zone in the Hengtang oreblock,but its occurrence state is unknown yet.In order to find out the occurrence state of V in lead-zinc oxide ores,altered dolomite and diabase,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to systematically analyze their mineral assemblages and chemical compositions.The results show that V contents of the oxidized lead-zinc ore,altered dolomite,and altered diabase range from 11.9×10^(–6) to 5963×10^(–6),168×10^(–6) and from 448×10^(–6) to 701×10^(–6),respectively,with respective enrichment coefficients of 20,1.2 and 4.1 relative to average V content of the bulk crust.The Voccurred as independent mineral of descloizite([PbZn(VO4)(OH)])in the lead-zinc oxide ore and altered dolomite.Descloizite contains relatively high As content due to the subsititution of V by As in form of isomorphism.No independent V mineral was found in altered diabase.V could mainly occur in the form of isomorphic substitution of Ti in anatase or rutile(TiO2)in altered diabase.In addition,the good correlations between V and Cu,Ni,Mo,Bi in ores indicate that these elements could be co-precipitated simultaneously to have formed the ore,with similar enrichment regularities.The distribution patterns of rare earth elements and trace elements of ores are respectively similar to those of the altered dolomite,indicating that they had been experienced similar hydrothermal process.Whether V was mainly sourced from the metasomatic leaching of dolomite or the magmatic-h

关 键 词：青山铅锌矿床 钒 赋存状态 钒铅锌矿 锐钛矿 

分 类 号：P611[天文地球—矿床学]