稻秆生物炭添加对红壤性水稻土磷素生物有效性的影响  

Effects of rice straw biochar addition on the phosphorus bioavailability in reddish paddy soil

作　　者：马长林 高博涵 王艳玲[1] MA Changlin;GAO Bohan;WANG Yanling(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第7期1533-1541,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077087)。

摘　　要：为明确稻秆生物炭添加对红壤性水稻土磷生物有效性组分的影响,基于水稻种植的盆栽试验,采用模拟生物活化的磷素分析方法(BBP法),分析了生物炭在不施加(CK)、施加一年(B1)和两年(B2)条件下,不同水稻生育期稻田土壤中可溶性磷(CaCl_(2)-P)、易被酶矿化的有机磷(Enzyme-P)、易被有机酸活化释放的磷(Citrate-P)和潜在无机磷(HCl-P)4个组分磷与全磷(TP)、有效磷(Bray-P)及磷素活化系数(PAC)的变化差异和影响因素。研究表明:与CK相比,B1处理的稻田土壤TP、Bray-P及BBP磷组分均无显著变化;B2处理稻田土壤TP、Bray-P、Citrate-P和HCl-P含量均显著增加,而CaCl_(2)-P、Enzyme-P含量无显著变化。随着水稻生育期的延长,各处理HCl-P/TP均显著上升;B2处理下CaCl_(2)-P/TP与Enzyme-P/TP均显著上升。相关分析表明:生物炭添加后稻田土壤Bray-P、TP与土壤pH显著正相关;CaCl_(2)-P与HCl-P、TP显著正相关,与土壤有效铁呈显著负相关;Citrate-P与TP、HCl-P极显著正相关,与Enzyme-P、pH显著正相关,与土壤有效铝极显著负相关。稻秆生物炭通过影响稻田土壤pH、有效铁和有效铝含量,间接地调控且显著增加了红壤性稻田土壤中TP、Bray-P、PAC及生物有效磷组分含量,稻秆生物炭的合理施用有利于农田生态环境保护和土壤磷素有效性的提升。This study was conducted to clarify the effect of rice straw biochar addition on the bioavailability of phosphorus(P)components in reddish paddy soil.Based on a rice plant pot experiment,a simulated biologically-activated P analysis method(BBP method)was used.The study analyzed the differences in the changes of soluble P(CaCl_(2)-P),P easily released by organic acid activation(Citrate-P),organic P easily mineralized by phosphatase(Enzyme-P),mineral-bound P(HCl-P),total P(TP),available P(Bray-P),and P activation coefficient(PAC)in paddy soils at different growth stages of rice under the following conditions:no biochar application(CK),one-year biochar application(B1),and two-year consecutive biochar application(B2).The results showed that:compared to CK,there were no significant changes in TP,Bray-P,and BBP components in the paddy soil under B1 treatment.In the B2 treatment,the content of TP,Bray-P,Citrate-P,and HCl-P in the paddy soil significantly increased,while CaCl_(2)-P and Enzyme-P content showed no significant changes.As the rice growth stage extended,HCl-P/TP increased significantly in all treatments.Under B2 treatment,CaCl_(2)-P/TP and Enzyme-P/TP both increased significantly.Correlation analysis showed Bray-P and TP in paddy soil were significantly positively correlated with soil pH after biochar addition.CaCl_(2)-P was significantly positively correlated with HCl-P,TP,and negatively correlated with soil available iron.Citrate-P was highly significantly positively correlated with TP and HCl-P,positively correlated with Enzyme-P and pH,and highly significantly negatively correlated with soil available aluminum.Therefore,rice straw biochar,by influencing soil pH,available iron,and available aluminum content,indirectly and significantly increased the TP,Bray-P,PAC,and bioavailable phosphorus components in red soil paddy soil.The rational application of rice straw biochar is beneficial for the protection of the farmland ecological environment and enhancement of soil phosphorus availability.

关 键 词：稻秆生物炭 红壤性水稻土 盆栽试验 水稻 生物有效性磷 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]